[Settings] Improve update-notification UX (#49872)

## Summary of the Pull Request

Refreshes the Settings update experience with a shared update
coordinator, consistent state badges, and a compact floating status
surface available across pages. The surface supports checking, update
available, downloading, ready to install, network failure, and download
failure states; it can be dismissed and reopens when users return to
General while attention is still needed.



https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7b1a7266-efc3-4b6f-9bea-1d25a032ead6


## PR Checklist

- [ ] Closes: N/A
- [x] **Communication:** I've discussed this with core contributors
already. If the work hasn't been agreed, this work might be rejected
- [x] **Tests:** Added/updated and all pass
- [x] **Localization:** All end-user-facing strings can be localized
- [ ] **Dev docs:** Added/updated
- [ ] **New binaries:** Added on the required places
- [ ] [JSON for
signing](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/.pipelines/ESRPSigning_core.json)
for new binaries
- [ ] [WXS for
installer](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/installer/PowerToysSetup/Product.wxs)
for new binaries and localization folder
- [ ] [YML for CI
pipeline](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/.pipelines/ci/templates/build-powertoys-steps.yml)
for new test projects
- [ ] [YML for signed
pipeline](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/.pipelines/release.yml)
- [ ] **Documentation updated:** If checked, please file a pull request
on [our docs
repo](https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/windows-uwp/tree/docs/hub/powertoys)
and link it here: N/A

## Detailed Description of the Pull Request / Additional comments

- Centralizes persisted and transient update state in a shared
`UpdateViewModel` used by Dashboard, General, navigation, and the
floating surface.
- Adds reusable status, activity, and badge controls with stable layout,
dismissal/reopen behavior, in-app What's New navigation, and retry-safe
single-flight update actions.
- Keeps the existing General update glyph while adding an adjacent state
badge.
- Adds Debug-only controls for previewing every updater state and
running the complete state flow without affecting production
screenshots.
- Adds focused coverage for state mapping, activity visibility,
IPC/launch failures, transient operation recovery, and duplicate
installer-launch prevention.

## Validation Steps Performed

- Built `Settings.UI` for x64 Debug.
- Built `Settings.UI.UnitTests` for x64 Debug.
- Ran focused `ViewModelTests.Update` and `ViewModelTests.General` tests
with `vstest.console.exe`: 39 passed.
- Exercised the Debug updater flow across all states and verified that a
dismissed notification reopens after navigating back to General.

---------

Co-authored-by: Copilot App <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Copilot-Session: 120899e5-fc77-425e-918b-644929b65739
Copilot-Session: 7da8be2f-1f73-48e9-8ae9-aa2448f2a5e3

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI.UnitTests/ViewModelTests/General.cs

@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
                 bool isAdmin,
                 Func<string, int> ipcMSGCallBackFunc,
                 Func<string, int> ipcMSGRestartAsAdminMSGCallBackFunc,
-                Func<string, int> ipcMSGCheckForUpdatesCallBackFunc,
+                Action checkForUpdatesAction,
                 string configFileSubfolder = "")
-                : base(settingsRepository, runAsAdminText, runAsUserText, isElevated, isAdmin, ipcMSGCallBackFunc, ipcMSGRestartAsAdminMSGCallBackFunc, ipcMSGCheckForUpdatesCallBackFunc, configFileSubfolder)
+                : base(settingsRepository, runAsAdminText, runAsUserText, isElevated, isAdmin, ipcMSGCallBackFunc, ipcMSGRestartAsAdminMSGCallBackFunc, checkForUpdatesAction, configFileSubfolder)
             {
             }
 
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
             // Arrange
             Func<string, int> sendMockIPCConfigMSG = msg => 0;
             Func<string, int> sendRestartAdminIPCMessage = msg => 0;
-            Func<string, int> sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = msg => 0;
+            Action checkForUpdates = () => { };
             var viewModel = new TestGeneralViewModel(
                 settingsRepository: generalSettingsRepository,
                 runAsAdminText: "GeneralSettings_RunningAsAdminText",
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
                 isAdmin: false,
                 ipcMSGCallBackFunc: sendMockIPCConfigMSG,
                 ipcMSGRestartAsAdminMSGCallBackFunc: sendRestartAdminIPCMessage,
-                ipcMSGCheckForUpdatesCallBackFunc: sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage,
+                checkForUpdatesAction: checkForUpdates,
                 configFileSubfolder: string.Empty);
 
             // Verify that the old settings persisted
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
         public void IncludePrereleaseUpdatesShouldSendUpdatedSettingWhenSuccessful()
         {
             bool sawExpectedIpcPayload = false;
-            bool sawExpectedUpdateCheckPayload = false;
+            bool updateCheckRequested = false;
             Func<string, int> sendMockIPCConfigMSG = msg =>
             {
                 if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(msg))
@@ -118,24 +118,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
             };
 
             Func<string, int> sendRestartAdminIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
-            Func<string, int> sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = msg =>
-            {
-                if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(msg))
-                {
-                    return 0;
-                }
-
-                GeneralSettingsCustomAction action = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<GeneralSettingsCustomAction>(msg);
-                if (action?.GeneralSettingsAction?.GeneralSettings is null)
-                {
-                    return 0;
-                }
-
-                Assert.IsTrue(action.GeneralSettingsAction.GeneralSettings.IncludePrereleaseUpdates);
-                Assert.AreEqual("check_for_updates", action.GeneralSettingsAction.GeneralSettings.CustomActionName);
-                sawExpectedUpdateCheckPayload = true;
-                return 0;
-            };
+            Action checkForUpdates = () => updateCheckRequested = true;
             GeneralViewModel viewModel = new TestGeneralViewModel(
                 settingsRepository: SettingsRepository<GeneralSettings>.GetInstance(mockGeneralSettingsUtils.Object),
                 "GeneralSettings_RunningAsAdminText",
@@ -144,7 +127,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
                 false,
                 sendMockIPCConfigMSG,
                 sendRestartAdminIPCMessage,
-                sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage,
+                checkForUpdates,
                 GeneralSettingsFileName);
 
             Assert.IsFalse(viewModel.IncludePrereleaseUpdates);
@@ -152,7 +135,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
             viewModel.IncludePrereleaseUpdates = true;
 
             Assert.IsTrue(sawExpectedIpcPayload);
-            Assert.IsTrue(sawExpectedUpdateCheckPayload);
+            Assert.IsTrue(updateCheckRequested);
         }
 
         [TestMethod]
@@ -161,7 +144,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
             // Arrange
             Func<string, int> sendMockIPCConfigMSG = msg => { return 0; };
             Func<string, int> sendRestartAdminIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
-            Func<string, int> sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
+            Action sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = () => { };
             GeneralViewModel viewModel = new TestGeneralViewModel(
                 settingsRepository: SettingsRepository<GeneralSettings>.GetInstance(mockGeneralSettingsUtils.Object),
                 "GeneralSettings_RunningAsAdminText",
@@ -209,7 +192,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
 
             // Arrange
             Func<string, int> sendRestartAdminIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
-            Func<string, int> sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
+            Action sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = () => { };
             GeneralViewModel viewModel = new TestGeneralViewModel(
                 settingsRepository: SettingsRepository<GeneralSettings>.GetInstance(mockGeneralSettingsUtils.Object),
                 "GeneralSettings_RunningAsAdminText",
@@ -251,7 +234,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
             };
 
             Func<string, int> sendRestartAdminIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
-            Func<string, int> sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
+            Action sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = () => { };
 
             // Arrange
             GeneralViewModel viewModel = new TestGeneralViewModel(
@@ -299,7 +282,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
             };
 
             Func<string, int> sendRestartAdminIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
-            Func<string, int> sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
+            Action sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = () => { };
             viewModel = new TestGeneralViewModel(
                 settingsRepository: SettingsRepository<GeneralSettings>.GetInstance(mockGeneralSettingsUtils.Object),
                 "GeneralSettings_RunningAsAdminText",
@@ -341,7 +324,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
             };
 
             Func<string, int> sendRestartAdminIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
-            Func<string, int> sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
+            Action sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = () => { };
             GeneralViewModel viewModel = new TestGeneralViewModel(
                 settingsRepository: SettingsRepository<GeneralSettings>.GetInstance(mockGeneralSettingsUtils.Object),
                 "GeneralSettings_RunningAsAdminText",
@@ -383,7 +366,7 @@ namespace ViewModelTests
             };
 
             Func<string, int> sendRestartAdminIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
-            Func<string, int> sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = msg => { return 0; };
+            Action sendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage = () => { };
             GeneralViewModel viewModel = new TestGeneralViewModel(
                 settingsRepository: SettingsRepository<GeneralSettings>.GetInstance(mockGeneralSettingsUtils.Object),
                 "GeneralSettings_RunningAsAdminText",

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI.UnitTests/ViewModelTests/Update.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
+// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
+
+using System;
+using System.Text.Json;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Library;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Library.Interfaces;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels;
+using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
+
+namespace ViewModelTests
+{
+    [TestClass]
+    public class Update
+    {
+        private sealed class TestSettingsRepository : ISettingsRepository<GeneralSettings>
+        {
+            public TestSettingsRepository(GeneralSettings settings)
+            {
+                SettingsConfig = settings;
+            }
+
+            public GeneralSettings SettingsConfig { get; set; }
+
+            public event Action<GeneralSettings> SettingsChanged;
+
+            public bool ReloadSettings()
+            {
+                SettingsChanged?.Invoke(SettingsConfig);
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        [DataTestMethod]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.UpToDate, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.None, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.UpToDate)]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.NetworkError, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.None, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.NetworkError)]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToDownload, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.None, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ReadyToDownload)]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToInstall, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.None, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall)]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ErrorDownloading, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.None, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading)]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.UpToDate, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.Checking, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Checking)]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToDownload, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.Checking, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Checking)]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToInstall, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.Checking, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Checking)]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.UpToDate, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.Downloading, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Downloading)]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToDownload, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.Downloading, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Downloading)]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToInstall, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.Downloading, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Downloading)]
+        [DataRow(UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToInstall, (int)UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation.Installing, UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall)]
+        public void GetUpdateUIStateShouldMapPersistentAndTransientStates(
+            UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState updatingState,
+            int activeUpdateOperation,
+            UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState expected)
+        {
+            Assert.AreEqual(
+                expected,
+                UpdateViewModel.GetUpdateUIState(
+                    updatingState,
+                    (UpdateViewModel.TransientUpdateOperation)activeUpdateOperation));
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void CheckForUpdatesShouldShowProgressAndSendCurrentSettings()
+        {
+            string sentMessage = null;
+            var generalSettings = new GeneralSettings
+            {
+                IncludePrereleaseUpdates = true,
+            };
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(generalSettings),
+                new UpdatingSettings(),
+                message =>
+                {
+                    sentMessage = message;
+                    return 0;
+                });
+
+            viewModel.CheckForUpdates();
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Checking, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.IsActivityVisible);
+            Assert.IsFalse(viewModel.CanStartAction);
+
+            var action = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<GeneralSettingsCustomAction>(sentMessage);
+            Assert.IsTrue(action.GeneralSettingsAction.GeneralSettings.IncludePrereleaseUpdates);
+            Assert.AreEqual("check_for_updates", action.GeneralSettingsAction.GeneralSettings.CustomActionName);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void CheckForUpdatesShouldUseCheckingStateForAnExistingUpdate()
+        {
+            var updatingSettings = new UpdatingSettings
+            {
+                State = UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToInstall,
+                DownloadedInstallerFilename = "PowerToysSetup.exe",
+            };
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                updatingSettings,
+                message => 0);
+
+            viewModel.CheckForUpdates();
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Checking, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+            Assert.IsFalse(viewModel.CanStartAction);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void CheckForUpdatesShouldRecoverWhenIpcDeliveryFails()
+        {
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                new UpdatingSettings(),
+                message => 1);
+
+            viewModel.CheckForUpdates();
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.NetworkError, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.CanStartAction);
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.IsActivityVisible);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void CheckForUpdatesShouldRecoverWhenIpcDeliveryThrows()
+        {
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                new UpdatingSettings(),
+                message => throw new InvalidOperationException());
+
+            viewModel.CheckForUpdates();
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.NetworkError, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.CanStartAction);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void RefreshUpdatingStateShouldCompleteTransientOperation()
+        {
+            var currentSettings = new UpdatingSettings();
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                currentSettings,
+                message => 0,
+                () => currentSettings);
+
+            viewModel.CheckForUpdates();
+            currentSettings = new UpdatingSettings
+            {
+                State = UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.NetworkError,
+            };
+
+            viewModel.RefreshUpdatingState();
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.NetworkError, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.CanStartAction);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void RefreshUpdatingStateShouldRecoverWhenStateCannotBeLoaded()
+        {
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                new UpdatingSettings(),
+                message => 0,
+                () => null);
+
+            viewModel.CheckForUpdates();
+            viewModel.RefreshUpdatingState();
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.NetworkError, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.CanStartAction);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void UpdateNowShouldShowDownloadingUntilUpdaterStateChanges()
+        {
+            bool updateStarted = false;
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                new UpdatingSettings
+                {
+                    State = UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToDownload,
+                },
+                message => 0,
+                startUpdate: () => updateStarted = true);
+
+            viewModel.UpdateNow();
+
+            Assert.IsTrue(updateStarted);
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Downloading, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.IsActivityVisible);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void UpdateNowShouldPreventStartingDownloadedInstallerTwice()
+        {
+            int updateStartCount = 0;
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                new UpdatingSettings
+                {
+                    State = UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToInstall,
+                    DownloadedInstallerFilename = "PowerToysSetup.exe",
+                },
+                message => 0,
+                startUpdate: () => updateStartCount++);
+
+            viewModel.UpdateNow();
+            viewModel.UpdateNow();
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(1, updateStartCount);
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+            Assert.IsFalse(viewModel.CanStartAction);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void UpdateNowShouldRecoverWhenStartingUpdaterFails()
+        {
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                new UpdatingSettings
+                {
+                    State = UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToDownload,
+                },
+                message => 0,
+                startUpdate: () => throw new InvalidOperationException());
+
+            viewModel.UpdateNow();
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.CanStartAction);
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.IsActivityVisible);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void UpdateNowShouldClearFailureWhenRetryingDownloadedInstaller()
+        {
+            int updateStartCount = 0;
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                new UpdatingSettings
+                {
+                    State = UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToInstall,
+                    DownloadedInstallerFilename = "PowerToysSetup.exe",
+                },
+                message => 0,
+                startUpdate: () =>
+                {
+                    updateStartCount++;
+                    if (updateStartCount == 1)
+                    {
+                        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+                    }
+                });
+
+            viewModel.UpdateNow();
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+
+            viewModel.UpdateNow();
+
+            Assert.AreEqual(2, updateStartCount);
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+            Assert.IsFalse(viewModel.CanStartAction);
+        }
+
+#if DEBUG
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void UpdateNowShouldNotStartUpdaterWhilePreviewing()
+        {
+            bool updateStarted = false;
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                new UpdatingSettings(),
+                message => 0,
+                startUpdate: () => updateStarted = true);
+            viewModel.SetDebugPreviewState(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ReadyToDownload);
+
+            viewModel.UpdateNow();
+
+            Assert.IsFalse(updateStarted);
+            Assert.AreEqual(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Downloading, viewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState);
+        }
+#endif
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void DismissingActivityShouldHideSurfaceButKeepUpdateBadge()
+        {
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                new UpdatingSettings
+                {
+                    State = UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToDownload,
+                },
+                message => 0);
+
+            viewModel.RequestActivity();
+            viewModel.DismissActivity();
+
+            Assert.IsFalse(viewModel.IsActivityVisible);
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.ShowUpdateBadge);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void UpToDateActivityShouldRemainHiddenAtStartOfWindowSession()
+        {
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                new UpdatingSettings(),
+                message => 0);
+
+            viewModel.RequestActivity();
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.IsActivityVisible);
+
+            viewModel.DismissActivity();
+
+            Assert.IsFalse(viewModel.IsActivityVisible);
+
+            viewModel.BeginWindowSession();
+
+            Assert.IsFalse(viewModel.IsActivityVisible);
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void AvailableUpdateShouldShowActivityAtStartOfWindowSession()
+        {
+            var viewModel = CreateViewModel(
+                new TestSettingsRepository(new GeneralSettings()),
+                new UpdatingSettings
+                {
+                    State = UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToDownload,
+                },
+                message => 0);
+
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.IsActivityVisible);
+
+            viewModel.DismissActivity();
+            Assert.IsFalse(viewModel.IsActivityVisible);
+
+            viewModel.BeginWindowSession();
+            Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.IsActivityVisible);
+        }
+
+        private static UpdateViewModel CreateViewModel(
+            ISettingsRepository<GeneralSettings> settingsRepository,
+            UpdatingSettings initialSettings,
+            Func<string, int> sendMessage,
+            Func<UpdatingSettings> loadSettings = null,
+            Action startUpdate = null)
+        {
+            loadSettings ??= () => initialSettings;
+            startUpdate ??= () => { };
+
+            return new UpdateViewModel(
+                settingsRepository,
+                sendMessage,
+                loadSettings,
+                startUpdate,
+                false,
+                false,
+                null);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/Converters/UpdateStateToBoolConverter.cs

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
-// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
-// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
-
-using System;
-
-using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Data;
-
-namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Converters
-{
-    public sealed partial class UpdateStateToBoolConverter : IValueConverter
-    {
-        public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, string language)
-        {
-            if (value == null || parameter == null)
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                if (value.ToString() == (string)parameter)
-                {
-                    return true;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, string language)
-        {
-            return value;
-        }
-    }
-}

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/App.xaml

@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@
                 x:Key="EmptyObjectToObjectConverter"
                 EmptyValue="Collapsed"
                 NotEmptyValue="Visible" />
-            <converters:UpdateStateToBoolConverter x:Key="UpdateStateToBoolConverter" />
             <tkconverters:StringVisibilityConverter x:Key="StringVisibilityConverter" />
             <x:Double x:Key="SettingsCardSpacing">2</x:Double>
 

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/App.xaml.cs

@@ -110,11 +110,19 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI
 
         public static void OpenSettingsWindow(Type type = null, bool ensurePageIsSelected = false)
         {
+            bool isNewWindowSession = settingsWindow == null ||
+                                      !NativeMethods.IsWindowVisible(settingsWindow.GetWindowHandle());
+
             if (settingsWindow == null)
             {
                 settingsWindow = new MainWindow();
             }
 
+            if (isNewWindowSession)
+            {
+                settingsWindow.BeginWindowSession();
+            }
+
             settingsWindow.Activate();
 
             if (type != null)

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Controls/Dashboard/CheckUpdateControl.xaml

@@ -8,73 +8,39 @@
     xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
     mc:Ignorable="d">
 
-    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
-        <Button
-            Click="SWVersionButtonClicked"
-            Style="{StaticResource SubtleButtonStyle}"
-            Visibility="{x:Bind UpdateAvailable, Mode=OneTime}">
-            <Grid ColumnSpacing="16">
-                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
-                    <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
-                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
-                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
-                <Border
-                    Width="20"
-                    Height="20"
-                    CornerRadius="10">
-                    <Border.Background>
-                        <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0.5,1">
-                            <GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="#FFC328" />
-                            <GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="#FC9A03" />
-                        </LinearGradientBrush>
-                    </Border.Background>
-                    <FontIcon
-                        AutomationProperties.AccessibilityView="Raw"
-                        FontSize="11"
-                        Foreground="Black"
-                        Glyph="&#xEDB1;" />
-                </Border>
-                <StackPanel Grid.Column="1" Orientation="Vertical">
-                    <TextBlock x:Uid="UpdateAvailableTextBlock" FontWeight="SemiBold" />
-                    <TextBlock Foreground="{ThemeResource TextFillColorSecondaryBrush}" Style="{StaticResource CaptionTextBlockStyle}">
-                        <Run x:Uid="GeneralVersion" />
-                        <Run Text="{x:Bind UpdateSettingsConfig.NewVersion, Mode=OneTime}" />
-                    </TextBlock>
-                </StackPanel>
-            </Grid>
-        </Button>
-        <Grid
-            Padding="0,0,4,0"
-            VerticalAlignment="Center"
-            ColumnSpacing="16"
-            Visibility="{x:Bind UpdateAvailable, Converter={StaticResource ReverseBoolToVisibilityConverter}, Mode=OneTime}">
+    <Button
+        Padding="8,4"
+        AutomationProperties.AutomationId="DashboardUpdateButton"
+        AutomationProperties.Name="{x:Bind ViewModel.StatusTitle, Mode=OneWay}"
+        Click="UpdateButton_Click"
+        Style="{StaticResource SubtleButtonStyle}">
+        <Grid ColumnSpacing="16">
             <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                 <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
                 <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
             </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
-            <Border
+            <Grid
                 Width="20"
                 Height="20"
-                CornerRadius="10">
-                <Border.Background>
-                    <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0.5,1">
-                        <GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="#6FB538" />
-                        <GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="#397A24" />
-                    </LinearGradientBrush>
-                </Border.Background>
-                <FontIcon
+                VerticalAlignment="Center">
+                <local:UpdateStateBadgeControl State="{x:Bind ViewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState, Mode=OneWay}" Visibility="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsProgressActive, Converter={StaticResource ReverseBoolToVisibilityConverter}, Mode=OneWay}" />
+                <ProgressRing
+                    Width="18"
+                    Height="18"
                     AutomationProperties.AccessibilityView="Raw"
-                    FontSize="11"
-                    Foreground="White"
-                    Glyph="&#xE73E;" />
-            </Border>
-            <StackPanel Grid.Column="1" Orientation="Vertical">
-                <TextBlock x:Uid="YoureUpToDate" FontWeight="SemiBold" />
-                <TextBlock Foreground="{ThemeResource TextFillColorSecondaryBrush}" Style="{StaticResource CaptionTextBlockStyle}">
-                    <Run x:Uid="General_VersionLastChecked" />
-                    <Run Text="{x:Bind LastCheckedDateFriendly, Mode=OneTime}" />
-                </TextBlock>
+                    IsActive="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsProgressActive, Mode=OneWay}"
+                    Visibility="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsProgressActive, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}, Mode=OneWay}" />
+            </Grid>
+            <StackPanel
+                Grid.Column="1"
+                VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                Orientation="Vertical">
+                <TextBlock FontWeight="SemiBold" Text="{x:Bind ViewModel.StatusTitle, Mode=OneWay}" />
+                <TextBlock
+                    Foreground="{ThemeResource TextFillColorSecondaryBrush}"
+                    Style="{StaticResource CaptionTextBlockStyle}"
+                    Text="{x:Bind ViewModel.StatusDescription, Mode=OneWay}" />
             </StackPanel>
         </Grid>
-    </StackPanel>
+    </Button>
 </UserControl>

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Controls/Dashboard/CheckUpdateControl.xaml.cs

@@ -2,33 +2,25 @@
 // The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
 // See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
 
-using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Helpers;
-using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Library;
-using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Services;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels;
 using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views;
+using Microsoft.UI.Xaml;
 using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Controls;
 
 namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Controls
 {
     public sealed partial class CheckUpdateControl : UserControl
     {
-        public bool UpdateAvailable { get; set; }
-
-        public UpdatingSettings UpdateSettingsConfig { get; set; }
-
-        public string LastCheckedDateFriendly { get; set; }
+        public UpdateViewModel ViewModel => ShellPage.ShellHandler?.UpdateViewModel;
 
         public CheckUpdateControl()
         {
             InitializeComponent();
-            UpdateSettingsConfig = UpdatingSettings.LoadSettings();
-            UpdateAvailable = UpdateSettingsConfig != null && (UpdateSettingsConfig.State == UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToInstall || UpdateSettingsConfig.State == UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToDownload);
-            LastCheckedDateFriendly = FriendlyDateHelper.Format(UpdateSettingsConfig?.LastCheckedDateTime);
         }
 
-        private void SWVersionButtonClicked(object sender, Microsoft.UI.Xaml.RoutedEventArgs e)
+        private void UpdateButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
         {
-            NavigationService.Navigate(typeof(GeneralPage));
+            ShellPage.ShellHandler?.OpenUpdateActivity();
         }
     }
 }

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Controls/UpdateActivityControl.xaml

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<UserControl
+    x:Class="Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Controls.UpdateActivityControl"
+    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
+    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
+    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
+    xmlns:local="using:Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Controls"
+    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
+    x:Name="Root"
+    mc:Ignorable="d">
+
+    <Grid x:Name="ShadowHost" Padding="12">
+        <Border
+            x:Name="ActivitySurface"
+            Width="440"
+            MaxHeight="600"
+            Padding="20"
+            AutomationProperties.AutomationId="UpdateActivitySurface"
+            AutomationProperties.Name="{x:Bind ViewModel.StatusTitle, Mode=OneWay}"
+            Background="{ThemeResource AcrylicInAppFillColorDefaultBrush}"
+            BorderBrush="{ThemeResource SurfaceStrokeColorFlyoutBrush}"
+            BorderThickness="1"
+            CornerRadius="8"
+            Translation="0,0,12"
+            Visibility="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsActivityVisible, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}, Mode=OneWay}">
+            <Border.Shadow>
+                <ThemeShadow />
+            </Border.Shadow>
+            <local:UpdateStatusControl x:Name="UpdateStatus" ViewModel="{Binding ViewModel, ElementName=Root}" />
+        </Border>
+    </Grid>
+</UserControl>

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Controls/UpdateActivityControl.xaml.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
+// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
+
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels;
+using Microsoft.UI.Xaml;
+using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Controls;
+
+namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Controls
+{
+    public sealed partial class UpdateActivityControl : UserControl
+    {
+        public static readonly DependencyProperty ViewModelProperty =
+            DependencyProperty.Register(
+                nameof(ViewModel),
+                typeof(UpdateViewModel),
+                typeof(UpdateActivityControl),
+                new PropertyMetadata(null));
+
+        public UpdateViewModel ViewModel
+        {
+            get => (UpdateViewModel)GetValue(ViewModelProperty);
+            set => SetValue(ViewModelProperty, value);
+        }
+
+        public UpdateActivityControl()
+        {
+            InitializeComponent();
+        }
+
+        public void Open()
+        {
+            ViewModel?.RequestActivity();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Controls/UpdateStateBadgeControl.xaml

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<UserControl
+    x:Class="Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Controls.UpdateStateBadgeControl"
+    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
+    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
+    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
+    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
+    AutomationProperties.AccessibilityView="Raw"
+    mc:Ignorable="d">
+
+    <UserControl.Resources>
+        <ResourceDictionary>
+            <ResourceDictionary.ThemeDictionaries>
+                <ResourceDictionary x:Key="Light">
+                    <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeSuccessBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0.5,1">
+                        <GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="#6FB538" />
+                        <GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="#397A24" />
+                    </LinearGradientBrush>
+                    <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeAttentionBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0.5,1">
+                        <GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="#FFC328" />
+                        <GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="#FC9A03" />
+                    </LinearGradientBrush>
+                    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeForegroundBrush" Color="White" />
+                    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeAttentionForegroundBrush" Color="Black" />
+                </ResourceDictionary>
+                <ResourceDictionary x:Key="Dark">
+                    <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeSuccessBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0.5,1">
+                        <GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="#6FB538" />
+                        <GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="#397A24" />
+                    </LinearGradientBrush>
+                    <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeAttentionBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0.5,1">
+                        <GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="#FFC328" />
+                        <GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="#FC9A03" />
+                    </LinearGradientBrush>
+                    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeForegroundBrush" Color="White" />
+                    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeAttentionForegroundBrush" Color="Black" />
+                </ResourceDictionary>
+                <ResourceDictionary x:Key="HighContrast">
+                    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeSuccessBrush" Color="{ThemeResource SystemColorHighlightColor}" />
+                    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeAttentionBrush" Color="{ThemeResource SystemColorHighlightColor}" />
+                    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeForegroundBrush" Color="{ThemeResource SystemColorHighlightTextColor}" />
+                    <SolidColorBrush x:Key="UpdateBadgeAttentionForegroundBrush" Color="{ThemeResource SystemColorHighlightTextColor}" />
+                </ResourceDictionary>
+            </ResourceDictionary.ThemeDictionaries>
+        </ResourceDictionary>
+    </UserControl.Resources>
+
+    <Grid>
+        <Border
+            x:Name="Badge"
+            Width="20"
+            Height="20"
+            Background="{ThemeResource UpdateBadgeSuccessBrush}"
+            CornerRadius="10">
+            <FontIcon
+                x:Name="BadgeIcon"
+                FontFamily="{ThemeResource SymbolThemeFontFamily}"
+                FontSize="11"
+                Foreground="{ThemeResource UpdateBadgeForegroundBrush}"
+                Glyph="&#xE73E;" />
+        </Border>
+        <VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
+            <VisualStateGroup x:Name="UpdateBadgeStates">
+                <VisualState x:Name="SuccessState" />
+                <VisualState x:Name="CheckingState">
+                    <VisualState.Setters>
+                        <Setter Target="Badge.Background" Value="{ThemeResource AccentFillColorDefaultBrush}" />
+                        <Setter Target="BadgeIcon.FontSize" Value="10" />
+                        <Setter Target="BadgeIcon.Foreground" Value="{ThemeResource TextOnAccentFillColorPrimaryBrush}" />
+                        <Setter Target="BadgeIcon.Glyph" Value="&#xE895;" />
+                    </VisualState.Setters>
+                </VisualState>
+                <VisualState x:Name="AttentionState">
+                    <VisualState.Setters>
+                        <Setter Target="Badge.Background" Value="{ThemeResource UpdateBadgeAttentionBrush}" />
+                        <Setter Target="BadgeIcon.Foreground" Value="{ThemeResource UpdateBadgeAttentionForegroundBrush}" />
+                        <Setter Target="BadgeIcon.Glyph" Value="&#xEDB1;" />
+                    </VisualState.Setters>
+                </VisualState>
+                <VisualState x:Name="DownloadingState">
+                    <VisualState.Setters>
+                        <Setter Target="Badge.Background" Value="{ThemeResource AccentFillColorDefaultBrush}" />
+                        <Setter Target="BadgeIcon.FontSize" Value="10" />
+                        <Setter Target="BadgeIcon.Foreground" Value="{ThemeResource TextOnAccentFillColorPrimaryBrush}" />
+                        <Setter Target="BadgeIcon.Glyph" Value="&#xE896;" />
+                    </VisualState.Setters>
+                </VisualState>
+                <VisualState x:Name="ErrorState">
+                    <VisualState.Setters>
+                        <Setter Target="Badge.Background" Value="{ThemeResource SystemFillColorCriticalBrush}" />
+                        <Setter Target="BadgeIcon.FontSize" Value="9" />
+                        <Setter Target="BadgeIcon.Foreground" Value="{ThemeResource TextOnAccentFillColorPrimaryBrush}" />
+                        <Setter Target="BadgeIcon.Glyph" Value="&#xE711;" />
+                    </VisualState.Setters>
+                </VisualState>
+            </VisualStateGroup>
+        </VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
+    </Grid>
+</UserControl>

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Controls/UpdateStateBadgeControl.xaml.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
+// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
+
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels;
+using Microsoft.UI.Xaml;
+using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Controls;
+
+namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Controls
+{
+    public sealed partial class UpdateStateBadgeControl : UserControl
+    {
+        public static readonly DependencyProperty StateProperty =
+            DependencyProperty.Register(
+                nameof(State),
+                typeof(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState),
+                typeof(UpdateStateBadgeControl),
+                new PropertyMetadata(UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.UpToDate, OnStateChanged));
+
+        private bool _isLoaded;
+
+        public UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState State
+        {
+            get => (UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState)GetValue(StateProperty);
+            set => SetValue(StateProperty, value);
+        }
+
+        public UpdateStateBadgeControl()
+        {
+            InitializeComponent();
+            Loaded += UpdateStateBadgeControl_Loaded;
+        }
+
+        private static void OnStateChanged(DependencyObject dependencyObject, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs args)
+        {
+            var control = (UpdateStateBadgeControl)dependencyObject;
+            if (control._isLoaded)
+            {
+                control.UpdateVisualState();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void UpdateStateBadgeControl_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            _isLoaded = true;
+            UpdateVisualState();
+        }
+
+        private void UpdateVisualState()
+        {
+            string stateName = State switch
+            {
+                UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Checking => "CheckingState",
+                UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ReadyToDownload or
+                UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall => "AttentionState",
+                UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.Downloading => "DownloadingState",
+                UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.NetworkError or
+                UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading => "ErrorState",
+                _ => "SuccessState",
+            };
+
+            VisualStateManager.GoToState(this, stateName, false);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Controls/UpdateStatusControl.xaml

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<UserControl
+    x:Class="Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Controls.UpdateStatusControl"
+    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
+    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
+    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
+    xmlns:local="using:Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Controls"
+    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
+    x:Name="Root"
+    AutomationProperties.AutomationId="UpdateStatusControl"
+    mc:Ignorable="d">
+
+    <StackPanel DataContext="{Binding ViewModel, ElementName=Root}" Spacing="16">
+        <Grid ColumnSpacing="12">
+            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
+                <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
+                <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
+                <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
+            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
+
+            <local:UpdateStateBadgeControl
+                Margin="0,2,0,0"
+                VerticalAlignment="Top"
+                State="{Binding CurrentUpdateUIState, Mode=OneWay}" />
+
+            <StackPanel
+                Grid.Column="1"
+                VerticalAlignment="Top"
+                Spacing="4">
+                <TextBlock
+                    AutomationProperties.AutomationId="UpdateStatusTitle"
+                    AutomationProperties.LiveSetting="Polite"
+                    Style="{StaticResource BodyStrongTextBlockStyle}"
+                    Text="{Binding StatusTitle, Mode=OneWay}"
+                    TextWrapping="WrapWholeWords" />
+                <StackPanel
+                    HorizontalAlignment="Left"
+                    Orientation="Horizontal"
+                    Spacing="6">
+                    <TextBlock
+                        AutomationProperties.AutomationId="UpdateStatusDescription"
+                        Foreground="{ThemeResource TextFillColorSecondaryBrush}"
+                        Style="{StaticResource CaptionTextBlockStyle}"
+                        Text="{Binding StatusDescription, Mode=OneWay}"
+                        TextWrapping="WrapWholeWords" />
+                    <Border
+                        Padding="5,1"
+                        VerticalAlignment="Center"
+                        Background="{ThemeResource ControlAltFillColorQuarternaryBrush}"
+                        CornerRadius="4"
+                        Visibility="{Binding ShowPrereleaseBadge, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}, Mode=OneWay}">
+                        <TextBlock
+                            x:Uid="General_PreviewBadge"
+                            FontSize="10"
+                            Foreground="{ThemeResource TextFillColorSecondaryBrush}" />
+                    </Border>
+                </StackPanel>
+            </StackPanel>
+
+            <Button
+                Grid.Column="2"
+                Width="32"
+                Height="32"
+                Margin="0,-6,-8,0"
+                Padding="0"
+                VerticalAlignment="Top"
+                AutomationProperties.AutomationId="DismissUpdateActivityButton"
+                AutomationProperties.Name="{x:Bind CloseButtonText, Mode=OneTime}"
+                Click="DismissButton_Click"
+                Style="{StaticResource SubtleButtonStyle}"
+                ToolTipService.ToolTip="{x:Bind CloseButtonText, Mode=OneTime}">
+                <FontIcon
+                    AutomationProperties.AccessibilityView="Raw"
+                    FontFamily="{ThemeResource SymbolThemeFontFamily}"
+                    FontSize="12"
+                    Glyph="&#xE711;" />
+            </Button>
+        </Grid>
+
+        <Grid Height="4">
+            <ProgressBar
+                Height="4"
+                AutomationProperties.AutomationId="UpdateStatusProgress"
+                IsIndeterminate="True"
+                Visibility="{Binding IsProgressActive, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}, Mode=OneWay}" />
+        </Grid>
+
+        <StackPanel Spacing="8">
+            <Button
+                HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
+                HorizontalContentAlignment="Center"
+                AutomationProperties.AutomationId="UpdatePrimaryActionButton"
+                Command="{Binding PrimaryActionCommand}"
+                Content="{Binding PrimaryActionText, Mode=OneWay}"
+                Style="{StaticResource AccentButtonStyle}" />
+            <HyperlinkButton
+                x:Uid="SeeWhatsNew"
+                HorizontalAlignment="Center"
+                AutomationProperties.AutomationId="UpdateReleaseNotesButton"
+                Click="SeeWhatsNewButton_Click"
+                Style="{StaticResource TextButtonStyle}"
+                Visibility="{Binding ShowReleaseLink, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}, Mode=OneWay}" />
+        </StackPanel>
+
+    </StackPanel>
+</UserControl>

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Controls/UpdateStatusControl.xaml.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
+// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
+
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Helpers;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels;
+using Microsoft.UI.Xaml;
+using Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Controls;
+
+namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Controls
+{
+    public sealed partial class UpdateStatusControl : UserControl
+    {
+        public static readonly DependencyProperty ViewModelProperty =
+            DependencyProperty.Register(
+                nameof(ViewModel),
+                typeof(UpdateViewModel),
+                typeof(UpdateStatusControl),
+                new PropertyMetadata(null));
+
+        public string CloseButtonText { get; } = ResourceLoaderInstance.ResourceLoader.GetString("ColorPicker_Close/Content");
+
+        public UpdateViewModel ViewModel
+        {
+            get => (UpdateViewModel)GetValue(ViewModelProperty);
+            set => SetValue(ViewModelProperty, value);
+        }
+
+        public UpdateStatusControl()
+        {
+            InitializeComponent();
+        }
+
+        private void DismissButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            ViewModel?.DismissActivity();
+        }
+
+        private void SeeWhatsNewButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            ((App)App.Current)!.OpenScoobe();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/MainWindow.xaml.cs

@@ -148,6 +148,11 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI
             ShellPage.Navigate(type);
         }
 
+        public void BeginWindowSession()
+        {
+            shellPage.BeginWindowSession();
+        }
+
         public void CloseHiddenWindow()
         {
             var hWnd = WindowNative.GetWindowHandle(this);
@@ -164,6 +169,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI
 
             if (!App.IsSecondaryWindowOpen())
             {
+                shellPage.Dispose();
                 App.ClearSettingsWindow();
             }
             else

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Views/GeneralPage.xaml

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
     mc:Ignorable="d">
 
     <local:NavigablePage.Resources>
-        <converters:UpdateStateToBoolConverter x:Key="UpdateStateToBoolConverter" />
         <converters:StringToInfoBarSeverityConverter x:Key="StringToInfoBarSeverityConverter" />
     </local:NavigablePage.Resources>
 
@@ -39,38 +38,24 @@
                             </StackPanel>
                         </tkcontrols:SettingsExpander.Header>
                         <tkcontrols:SettingsExpander.Description>
-                            <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
-                                <TextBlock Style="{StaticResource SecondaryTextStyle}">
-                                    <Run x:Uid="General_VersionLastChecked" />
-                                    <Run Text="{x:Bind ViewModel.UpdateCheckedDate, Mode=OneWay}" />
-                                </TextBlock>
-                                <HyperlinkButton
-                                    x:Uid="ReleaseNotes"
-                                    Margin="0,2,0,0"
-                                    Click="ReleaseNotesButton_Click"
-                                    FontWeight="SemiBold" />
-                            </StackPanel>
+                            <HyperlinkButton
+                                x:Uid="ReleaseNotes"
+                                Click="ReleaseNotesButton_Click"
+                                FontWeight="SemiBold" />
                         </tkcontrols:SettingsExpander.Description>
-                        <Grid Visibility="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsUpdatePanelVisible, Mode=OneWay, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}}">
-                            <StackPanel
+                        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Spacing="8">
+                            <controls:UpdateStateBadgeControl
                                 VerticalAlignment="Center"
-                                Orientation="Horizontal"
-                                Spacing="18"
-                                Visibility="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsNewVersionDownloading, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}, Mode=OneWay}">
-                                <ProgressRing Width="24" Height="24" />
-                                <TextBlock
-                                    x:Uid="General_CheckingForUpdates"
-                                    VerticalAlignment="Center"
-                                    FontWeight="SemiBold"
-                                    Foreground="{ThemeResource TextFillColorSecondaryBrush}" />
-                            </StackPanel>
+                                State="{x:Bind SharedUpdateViewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState, Mode=OneWay}"
+                                ToolTipService.ToolTip="{x:Bind SharedUpdateViewModel.StatusTitle, Mode=OneWay}"
+                                Visibility="{x:Bind SharedUpdateViewModel.ShowUpdateBadge, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}, Mode=OneWay}" />
                             <Button
+                                x:Name="GeneralPageCheckForUpdatesButton"
                                 x:Uid="GeneralPage_CheckForUpdates"
-                                HorizontalAlignment="Right"
-                                Command="{Binding CheckForUpdatesEventHandler}"
-                                IsEnabled="{Binding IsDownloadAllowed}"
-                                Visibility="{Binding Mode=OneWay, Path=IsNewVersionDownloading, Converter={StaticResource BoolNegationConverter}}" />
-                        </Grid>
+                                AutomationProperties.AutomationId="GeneralOpenUpdateSurfaceButton"
+                                Click="UpdateStatusCard_Click"
+                                Style="{StaticResource AccentButtonStyle}" />
+                        </StackPanel>
                         <tkcontrols:SettingsExpander.ItemsHeader>
                             <InfoBar
                                 x:Uid="GPO_SomeSettingsAreManaged"
@@ -156,152 +141,6 @@
                             </tkcontrols:SettingsExpander.Items>
                         </tkcontrols:SettingsExpander>
                     </controls:GPOInfoControl>
-
-                    <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
-                        <InfoBar
-                            x:Uid="General_UpToDate"
-                            IsClosable="False"
-                            IsOpen="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsNewVersionCheckedAndUpToDate, Mode=OneWay}"
-                            IsTabStop="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsNewVersionCheckedAndUpToDate, Mode=OneWay}"
-                            Severity="Success" />
-
-                        <!--  Network error while checking for new version  -->
-                        <InfoBar
-                            x:Uid="General_CantCheck"
-                            IsClosable="False"
-                            IsOpen="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsNoNetwork, Mode=OneWay}"
-                            IsTabStop="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsNoNetwork, Mode=OneWay}"
-                            Severity="Error" />
-
-                        <!--  New version available  -->
-                        <InfoBar
-                            Title="{x:Bind ViewModel.NewVersionAvailableTitle, Mode=OneWay}"
-                            IsClosable="False"
-                            IsOpen="{x:Bind ViewModel.PowerToysUpdatingState, Mode=OneWay, Converter={StaticResource UpdateStateToBoolConverter}, ConverterParameter=ReadyToDownload}"
-                            IsTabStop="{x:Bind ViewModel.PowerToysUpdatingState, Mode=OneWay, Converter={StaticResource UpdateStateToBoolConverter}, ConverterParameter=ReadyToDownload}"
-                            Message="{x:Bind ViewModel.PowerToysNewAvailableVersion, Mode=OneWay}"
-                            Severity="Warning">
-
-                            <InfoBar.Content>
-                                <StackPanel Spacing="16">
-                                    <Border
-                                        Padding="6,2"
-                                        HorizontalAlignment="Left"
-                                        Background="{ThemeResource AccentFillColorDefaultBrush}"
-                                        CornerRadius="4"
-                                        Visibility="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsPrereleaseUpdate, Mode=OneWay, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}}">
-                                        <TextBlock
-                                            x:Uid="General_PreviewBadge"
-                                            Foreground="{ThemeResource TextOnAccentFillColorPrimaryBrush}"
-                                            Style="{StaticResource CaptionTextBlockStyle}" />
-                                    </Border>
-                                    <Button
-                                        x:Uid="General_DownloadAndInstall"
-                                        Margin="0,0,0,16"
-                                        Command="{Binding UpdateNowButtonEventHandler}"
-                                        IsEnabled="{Binding IsDownloadAllowed}"
-                                        Visibility="{Binding Mode=OneWay, Path=IsNewVersionDownloading, Converter={StaticResource BoolNegationConverter}}" />
-
-                                    <!--  In progress panel  -->
-                                    <StackPanel
-                                        Margin="0,0,0,16"
-                                        Orientation="Horizontal"
-                                        Spacing="18"
-                                        Visibility="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsNewVersionDownloading, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}, Mode=OneWay}">
-                                        <ProgressRing Width="24" Height="24" />
-                                        <TextBlock
-                                            x:Uid="General_Downloading"
-                                            FontWeight="SemiBold"
-                                            Foreground="{ThemeResource TextFillColorSecondaryBrush}" />
-                                    </StackPanel>
-                                </StackPanel>
-                            </InfoBar.Content>
-                            <InfoBar.ActionButton>
-                                <HyperlinkButton
-                                    x:Uid="SeeWhatsNew"
-                                    HorizontalAlignment="Right"
-                                    NavigateUri="{Binding PowerToysNewAvailableVersionLink, Mode=OneWay}"
-                                    Style="{StaticResource TextButtonStyle}" />
-                            </InfoBar.ActionButton>
-                        </InfoBar>
-
-                        <!--  Ready to install  -->
-                        <InfoBar
-                            Title="{x:Bind ViewModel.NewVersionReadyToInstallTitle, Mode=OneWay}"
-                            IsClosable="False"
-                            IsOpen="{x:Bind ViewModel.PowerToysUpdatingState, Mode=OneWay, Converter={StaticResource UpdateStateToBoolConverter}, ConverterParameter=ReadyToInstall}"
-                            IsTabStop="{x:Bind ViewModel.PowerToysUpdatingState, Mode=OneWay, Converter={StaticResource UpdateStateToBoolConverter}, ConverterParameter=ReadyToInstall}"
-                            Message="{x:Bind ViewModel.PowerToysNewAvailableVersion, Mode=OneWay}"
-                            Severity="Warning">
-                            <InfoBar.Content>
-                                <StackPanel Spacing="16">
-                                    <Border
-                                        Padding="6,2"
-                                        HorizontalAlignment="Left"
-                                        Background="{ThemeResource AccentFillColorDefaultBrush}"
-                                        CornerRadius="4"
-                                        Visibility="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsPrereleaseUpdate, Mode=OneWay, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}}">
-                                        <TextBlock
-                                            x:Uid="General_PreviewBadge"
-                                            Foreground="{ThemeResource TextOnAccentFillColorPrimaryBrush}"
-                                            Style="{StaticResource CaptionTextBlockStyle}" />
-                                    </Border>
-                                    <Button
-                                        x:Uid="General_InstallNow"
-                                        Margin="0,0,0,16"
-                                        Command="{Binding UpdateNowButtonEventHandler}"
-                                        IsEnabled="{Binding IsDownloadAllowed}"
-                                        Style="{StaticResource AccentButtonStyle}" />
-                                </StackPanel>
-                            </InfoBar.Content>
-                            <InfoBar.ActionButton>
-                                <HyperlinkButton
-                                    x:Uid="SeeWhatsNew"
-                                    HorizontalAlignment="Right"
-                                    NavigateUri="{Binding PowerToysNewAvailableVersionLink, Mode=OneWay}"
-                                    Style="{StaticResource TextButtonStyle}" />
-                            </InfoBar.ActionButton>
-                        </InfoBar>
-
-                        <!--  Install failed  -->
-                        <InfoBar
-                            x:Uid="General_FailedToDownloadTheNewVersion"
-                            IsClosable="False"
-                            IsOpen="{x:Bind ViewModel.PowerToysUpdatingState, Mode=OneWay, Converter={StaticResource UpdateStateToBoolConverter}, ConverterParameter=ErrorDownloading}"
-                            IsTabStop="{x:Bind ViewModel.PowerToysUpdatingState, Mode=OneWay, Converter={StaticResource UpdateStateToBoolConverter}, ConverterParameter=ErrorDownloading}"
-                            Message="{x:Bind ViewModel.PowerToysNewAvailableVersion, Mode=OneWay}"
-                            Severity="Error">
-                            <InfoBar.Content>
-                                <StackPanel Spacing="16">
-                                    <Button
-                                        x:Uid="General_TryAgainToDownloadAndInstall"
-                                        Command="{Binding UpdateNowButtonEventHandler}"
-                                        IsEnabled="{Binding IsDownloadAllowed}"
-                                        Visibility="{Binding Mode=OneWay, Path=IsNewVersionDownloading, Converter={StaticResource BoolNegationConverter}}" />
-
-                                    <!--  In progress panel  -->
-                                    <StackPanel
-                                        Margin="0,0,0,16"
-                                        Orientation="Horizontal"
-                                        Spacing="18"
-                                        Visibility="{x:Bind ViewModel.IsNewVersionDownloading, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}}">
-                                        <ProgressRing Width="24" Height="24" />
-                                        <TextBlock
-                                            x:Uid="General_Downloading"
-                                            FontWeight="SemiBold"
-                                            Foreground="{ThemeResource TextFillColorSecondaryBrush}" />
-                                    </StackPanel>
-                                </StackPanel>
-                            </InfoBar.Content>
-                            <InfoBar.ActionButton>
-                                <HyperlinkButton
-                                    x:Uid="SeeWhatsNew"
-                                    HorizontalAlignment="Right"
-                                    NavigateUri="{Binding PowerToysNewAvailableVersionLink, Mode=OneWay}"
-                                    Style="{StaticResource TextButtonStyle}" />
-                            </InfoBar.ActionButton>
-                        </InfoBar>
-                    </StackPanel>
                 </controls:SettingsGroup>
 
                 <controls:SettingsGroup x:Uid="StartupAndPermissions">

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Views/GeneralPage.xaml.cs

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views
         /// </summary>
         public GeneralViewModel ViewModel { get; set; }
 
+        public UpdateViewModel SharedUpdateViewModel => ShellPage.ShellHandler.UpdateViewModel;
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="GeneralPage"/> class.
         /// General Settings page constructor.
@@ -39,14 +41,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views
             var loader = Helpers.ResourceLoaderInstance.ResourceLoader;
             var settingsUtils = SettingsUtils.Default;
 
-            Action stateUpdatingAction = () =>
-            {
-                this.DispatcherQueue.TryEnqueue(() =>
-                {
-                    ViewModel.RefreshUpdatingState();
-                });
-            };
-
             Action hideBackupAndRestoreMessageArea = () =>
             {
                 this.DispatcherQueue.TryEnqueue(async () =>
@@ -74,9 +68,8 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views
                 ShellPage.IsUserAnAdmin,
                 ShellPage.SendDefaultIPCMessage,
                 ShellPage.SendRestartAdminIPCMessage,
-                ShellPage.SendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage,
+                ShellPage.ShellHandler.UpdateViewModel.CheckForUpdates,
                 string.Empty,
-                stateUpdatingAction,
                 hideBackupAndRestoreMessageArea,
                 doRefreshBackupRestoreStatus,
                 PickSingleFolderDialog,
@@ -94,7 +87,21 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views
 
             doRefreshBackupRestoreStatus(100);
 
-            this.Loaded += (s, e) => ViewModel.OnPageLoaded();
+            this.Loaded += GeneralPage_Loaded;
+        }
+
+        private void GeneralPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            ViewModel.OnPageLoaded();
+            if (SharedUpdateViewModel.CurrentUpdateUIState != UpdateViewModel.UpdateUIState.UpToDate)
+            {
+                SharedUpdateViewModel.RequestActivity();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void UpdateStatusCard_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            ShellPage.ShellHandler?.OpenUpdateActivity();
         }
 
         private void OpenColorsSettings_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Views/ShellPage.xaml

@@ -172,8 +172,11 @@
                         <InfoBadge
                             x:Name="UpdateInfoBadge"
                             Margin="0,0,2,0"
+                            AutomationProperties.AccessibilityView="Content"
+                            AutomationProperties.AutomationId="UpdateNavigationBadge"
+                            AutomationProperties.Name="{x:Bind UpdateViewModel.StatusTitle, Mode=OneWay}"
                             Style="{StaticResource UpdateInfoBadgeStyle}"
-                            Visibility="Collapsed" />
+                            Visibility="{x:Bind UpdateViewModel.ShowUpdateBadge, Converter={StaticResource BoolToVisibilityConverter}, Mode=OneWay}" />
                     </NavigationViewItem.InfoBadge>
                 </NavigationViewItem>
                 <NavigationViewItemSeparator />
@@ -463,6 +466,14 @@
             </i:Interaction.Behaviors>
             <Frame x:Name="shellFrame" />
         </NavigationView>
+        <controls:UpdateActivityControl
+            x:Name="UpdateActivity"
+            Grid.Row="1"
+            Margin="12"
+            HorizontalAlignment="Right"
+            VerticalAlignment="Bottom"
+            Canvas.ZIndex="2"
+            ViewModel="{x:Bind UpdateViewModel, Mode=OneWay}" />
         <ContentDialog
             x:Name="CloseDialog"
             x:Uid="CloseDialog"

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Views/ShellPage.xaml.cs

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.IO.Abstractions;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
@@ -85,6 +84,8 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views
         /// </summary>
         public ShellViewModel ViewModel { get; }
 
+        public UpdateViewModel UpdateViewModel { get; }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets a collection of functions that handle IPC responses.
         /// </summary>
@@ -102,7 +103,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views
         private CancellationTokenSource _searchDebounceCts;
         private const int SearchDebounceMs = 500;
         private bool _disposed;
-        private IFileSystemWatcher _updateStateWatcher;
 
         // Removed trace id counter per cleanup
 
@@ -115,7 +115,9 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views
             InitializeComponent();
             SetWindowTitle();
             var settingsUtils = SettingsUtils.Default;
-            ViewModel = new ShellViewModel(SettingsRepository<GeneralSettings>.GetInstance(settingsUtils));
+            var generalSettingsRepository = SettingsRepository<GeneralSettings>.GetInstance(settingsUtils);
+            ViewModel = new ShellViewModel(generalSettingsRepository);
+            UpdateViewModel = new UpdateViewModel(generalSettingsRepository, SendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage);
             DataContext = ViewModel;
             ShellHandler = this;
             ViewModel.Initialize(shellFrame, navigationView, KeyboardAccelerators);
@@ -140,12 +142,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views
                     _searchSuggestions.Add(child.Content?.ToString());
                 }
             }
-
-            UpdateGeneralInfoBadge();
-            _updateStateWatcher = Helper.GetFileWatcher(string.Empty, UpdatingSettings.SettingsFile, () =>
-            {
-                DispatcherQueue.TryEnqueue(UpdateGeneralInfoBadge);
-            });
         }
 
         public static int SendDefaultIPCMessage(string msg)
@@ -156,8 +152,12 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views
 
         public static int SendCheckForUpdatesIPCMessage(string msg)
         {
-            CheckForUpdatesMsgCallback?.Invoke(msg);
+            if (CheckForUpdatesMsgCallback is null)
+            {
+                return 1;
+            }
 
+            CheckForUpdatesMsgCallback(msg);
             return 0;
         }
 
@@ -232,6 +232,16 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views
             shellFrame.Navigate(typeof(DashboardPage));
         }
 
+        public void OpenUpdateActivity()
+        {
+            UpdateActivity.Open();
+        }
+
+        public void BeginWindowSession()
+        {
+            UpdateViewModel.BeginWindowSession();
+        }
+
         // Tell the current page view model to update
         public void SignalGeneralDataUpdate()
         {
@@ -645,28 +655,12 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Views
                 return;
             }
 
-            _updateStateWatcher?.Dispose();
+            UpdateViewModel.Dispose();
             _searchDebounceCts?.Cancel();
             _searchDebounceCts?.Dispose();
             _searchDebounceCts = null;
             _disposed = true;
             GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
         }
-
-        private void UpdateGeneralInfoBadge()
-        {
-            try
-            {
-                var config = UpdatingSettings.LoadSettings();
-                bool updateAvailable = config != null &&
-                    (config.State == UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToDownload ||
-                     config.State == UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToInstall);
-                UpdateInfoBadge.Visibility = updateAvailable ? Visibility.Visible : Visibility.Collapsed;
-            }
-            catch (Exception)
-            {
-                UpdateInfoBadge.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
-            }
-        }
     }
 }

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/Strings/en-us/Resources.resw

@@ -2579,7 +2579,7 @@ From there, simply click on one of the supported files in the File Explorer and
     <value>An update is available:</value>
   </data>
   <data name="General_UpdateAvailableTitle" xml:space="preserve">
-    <value>An update is available:</value>
+    <value>An update is available</value>
   </data>
   <data name="General_PreviewUpdateAvailableTitle" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>Preview update available:</value>
@@ -2612,7 +2612,7 @@ From there, simply click on one of the supported files in the File Explorer and
     <value>An update is ready to install:</value>
   </data>
   <data name="General_UpToDate.Title" xml:space="preserve">
-    <value>PowerToys is up to date</value>
+    <value>You're up to date</value>
   </data>
   <data name="General_CantCheck.Title" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>Network error. Please try again later</value>

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/ViewModels/GeneralViewModel.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Globalization;
 using System.IO;
-using System.IO.Abstractions;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Reflection;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
@@ -51,10 +50,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
 
         private GeneralSettings GeneralSettingsConfig { get; set; }
 
-        private UpdatingSettings UpdatingSettingsConfig { get; set; }
-
-        public ButtonClickCommand CheckForUpdatesEventHandler { get; set; }
-
         public Windows.ApplicationModel.Resources.ResourceLoader ResourceLoader { get; set; }
 
         private Action HideBackupAndRestoreMessageAreaAction { get; set; }
@@ -71,36 +66,29 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
 
         public ButtonClickCommand RestartElevatedButtonEventHandler { get; set; }
 
-        public ButtonClickCommand UpdateNowButtonEventHandler { get; set; }
-
         public Func<string, int> SendConfigMSG { get; }
 
         public Func<string, int> SendRestartAsAdminConfigMSG { get; }
 
-        public Func<string, int> SendCheckForUpdatesConfigMSG { get; }
-
         public string RunningAsUserDefaultText { get; set; }
 
         public string RunningAsAdminDefaultText { get; set; }
 
-        private string _settingsConfigFileFolder = string.Empty;
+        private readonly Action _checkForUpdatesAction;
 
+        private string _settingsConfigFileFolder = string.Empty;
         private ISettingsRepository<GeneralSettings> _settingsRepository;
         private Microsoft.UI.Dispatching.DispatcherQueue _dispatcherQueue;
 
-        private IFileSystemWatcher _fileWatcher;
-
         private Func<Task<string>> PickSingleFolderDialog { get; }
 
         private SettingsBackupAndRestoreUtils settingsBackupAndRestoreUtils = SettingsBackupAndRestoreUtils.Instance;
 
         private const string InstallScopeRegKey = @"Software\Classes\powertoys\";
 
-        public GeneralViewModel(ISettingsRepository<GeneralSettings> settingsRepository, string runAsAdminText, string runAsUserText, bool isElevated, bool isAdmin, Func<string, int> ipcMSGCallBackFunc, Func<string, int> ipcMSGRestartAsAdminMSGCallBackFunc, Func<string, int> ipcMSGCheckForUpdatesCallBackFunc, string configFileSubfolder = "", Action dispatcherAction = null, Action hideBackupAndRestoreMessageAreaAction = null, Action<int> doBackupAndRestoreDryRun = null, Func<Task<string>> pickSingleFolderDialog = null, Windows.ApplicationModel.Resources.ResourceLoader resourceLoader = null)
+        public GeneralViewModel(ISettingsRepository<GeneralSettings> settingsRepository, string runAsAdminText, string runAsUserText, bool isElevated, bool isAdmin, Func<string, int> ipcMSGCallBackFunc, Func<string, int> ipcMSGRestartAsAdminMSGCallBackFunc, Action checkForUpdatesAction, string configFileSubfolder = "", Action hideBackupAndRestoreMessageAreaAction = null, Action<int> doBackupAndRestoreDryRun = null, Func<Task<string>> pickSingleFolderDialog = null, Windows.ApplicationModel.Resources.ResourceLoader resourceLoader = null)
         {
-            CheckForUpdatesEventHandler = new ButtonClickCommand(CheckForUpdatesClick);
             RestartElevatedButtonEventHandler = new ButtonClickCommand(RestartElevated);
-            UpdateNowButtonEventHandler = new ButtonClickCommand(UpdateNowClick);
             BackupConfigsEventHandler = new ButtonClickCommand(BackupConfigsClick);
             SelectSettingBackupDirEventHandler = new ButtonClickCommand(SelectSettingBackupDir);
             RestoreConfigsEventHandler = new ButtonClickCommand(RestoreConfigsClick);
@@ -112,21 +100,17 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
 
             // To obtain the general settings configuration of PowerToys if it exists, else to create a new file and return the default configurations.
             ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(settingsRepository);
+            ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(checkForUpdatesAction);
 
             _settingsRepository = settingsRepository;
             _settingsRepository.SettingsChanged += OnSettingsChanged;
             _dispatcherQueue = GetDispatcherQueue();
+            _checkForUpdatesAction = checkForUpdatesAction;
 
             GeneralSettingsConfig = settingsRepository.SettingsConfig;
-            UpdatingSettingsConfig = UpdatingSettings.LoadSettings();
-            if (UpdatingSettingsConfig == null)
-            {
-                UpdatingSettingsConfig = new UpdatingSettings();
-            }
 
             // set the callback functions value to handle outgoing IPC message.
             SendConfigMSG = ipcMSGCallBackFunc;
-            SendCheckForUpdatesConfigMSG = ipcMSGCheckForUpdatesCallBackFunc;
             SendRestartAsAdminConfigMSG = ipcMSGRestartAsAdminMSGCallBackFunc;
 
             // Update Settings file folder:
@@ -186,12 +170,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
 
             _isAdmin = isAdmin;
 
-            _updatingState = UpdatingSettingsConfig.State;
-            _newAvailableVersion = UpdatingSettingsConfig.NewVersion;
-            _newAvailableVersionLink = UpdatingSettingsConfig.ReleasePageLink;
-            _isPrereleaseUpdate = UpdatingSettingsConfig.IsPrerelease;
-            _updateCheckedDate = FriendlyDateHelper.Format(UpdatingSettingsConfig.LastCheckedDateTime);
-
             _newUpdatesToastIsGpoDisabled = GPOWrapper.GetDisableNewUpdateToastValue() == GpoRuleConfigured.Enabled;
             _autoDownloadUpdatesIsGpoDisabled = GPOWrapper.GetDisableAutomaticUpdateDownloadValue() == GpoRuleConfigured.Enabled;
             _includePrereleaseUpdatesIsGpoDisabled = GPOWrapper.GetDisablePreviewUpdatesValue() == GpoRuleConfigured.Enabled;
@@ -211,11 +189,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
             _enableViewDataDiagnostics = DataDiagnosticsSettings.GetViewEnabledValue();
             _enableViewDataDiagnosticsOnLoad = _enableViewDataDiagnostics;
 
-            if (dispatcherAction != null)
-            {
-                _fileWatcher = Helper.GetFileWatcher(string.Empty, UpdatingSettings.SettingsFile, dispatcherAction);
-            }
-
             // Diagnostic data retention policy
             string etwDirPath = Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.LocalApplicationData), "Microsoft\\PowerToys\\etw");
             DeleteDiagnosticDataOlderThan28Days(etwDirPath);
@@ -284,15 +257,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
         private bool _enableViewDataDiagnosticsOnLoad;
         private bool _viewDiagnosticDataViewerChanged;
 
-        private UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState _updatingState = UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.UpToDate;
-        private string _newAvailableVersion = string.Empty;
-        private string _newAvailableVersionLink = string.Empty;
-        private bool _isPrereleaseUpdate;
-        private string _updateCheckedDate = string.Empty;
-
-        private bool _isNewVersionDownloading;
-        private bool _isNewVersionChecked;
-        private bool _isNoNetwork;
         private bool _isBugReportRunning;
 
         private bool _settingsBackupRestoreMessageVisible;
@@ -659,7 +623,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
                     _includePrereleaseUpdates = value;
                     GeneralSettingsConfig.IncludePrereleaseUpdates = value;
                     NotifyPropertyChanged();
-                    CheckForUpdatesClick();
+                    _checkForUpdatesAction();
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -842,28 +806,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
 
         public bool IsCurrentVersionPreview => string.Equals(GetPowerToysVersionChannel(), "preview", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
 
-        public string NewVersionAvailableTitle => GetResourceString(IsPrereleaseUpdate ? "General_PreviewUpdateAvailableTitle" : "General_UpdateAvailableTitle");
-
-        public string NewVersionReadyToInstallTitle => GetResourceString(IsPrereleaseUpdate ? "General_PreviewUpdateReadyToInstallTitle" : "General_UpdateReadyToInstallTitle");
-
-        public string UpdateCheckedDate
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                RequestUpdateCheckedDate();
-                return _updateCheckedDate;
-            }
-
-            set
-            {
-                if (_updateCheckedDate != value)
-                {
-                    _updateCheckedDate = value;
-                    NotifyPropertyChanged();
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
         public string LastSettingsBackupDate
         {
             get
@@ -1013,109 +955,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
             }
         }
 
-        public UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState PowerToysUpdatingState
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                return _updatingState;
-            }
-
-            private set
-            {
-                if (value != _updatingState)
-                {
-                    _updatingState = value;
-                    NotifyPropertyChanged();
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        public string PowerToysNewAvailableVersion
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                return _newAvailableVersion;
-            }
-
-            private set
-            {
-                if (value != _newAvailableVersion)
-                {
-                    _newAvailableVersion = value;
-                    NotifyPropertyChanged();
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        public string PowerToysNewAvailableVersionLink
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                return _newAvailableVersionLink;
-            }
-
-            private set
-            {
-                if (value != _newAvailableVersionLink)
-                {
-                    _newAvailableVersionLink = value;
-                    NotifyPropertyChanged();
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        public bool IsPrereleaseUpdate
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                return _isPrereleaseUpdate;
-            }
-
-            private set
-            {
-                if (value != _isPrereleaseUpdate)
-                {
-                    _isPrereleaseUpdate = value;
-                    NotifyPropertyChanged();
-                    NotifyPropertyChanged(nameof(NewVersionAvailableTitle));
-                    NotifyPropertyChanged(nameof(NewVersionReadyToInstallTitle));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        public bool IsNewVersionDownloading
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                return _isNewVersionDownloading;
-            }
-
-            set
-            {
-                if (value != _isNewVersionDownloading)
-                {
-                    _isNewVersionDownloading = value;
-                    NotifyPropertyChanged();
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        public bool IsNewVersionCheckedAndUpToDate
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                return _isNewVersionChecked;
-            }
-        }
-
-        public bool IsNoNetwork
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                return _isNoNetwork;
-            }
-        }
-
         public bool IsBugReportRunning
         {
             get
@@ -1157,22 +996,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
             }
         }
 
-        public bool IsDownloadAllowed
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                return !_isDevBuild && !IsNewVersionDownloading;
-            }
-        }
-
-        public bool IsUpdatePanelVisible
-        {
-            get
-            {
-                return PowerToysUpdatingState == UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.UpToDate || PowerToysUpdatingState == UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.NetworkError;
-            }
-        }
-
         public ObservableCollection<LanguageModel> Languages { get; } = new ObservableCollection<LanguageModel>();
 
         public int LanguagesIndex
@@ -1328,25 +1151,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
             NotifyPropertyChanged(nameof(SettingsBackupRestoreMessageVisible), false);
         }
 
-        // callback function to launch the URL to check for updates.
-        private void CheckForUpdatesClick()
-        {
-            GeneralSettingsConfig.CustomActionName = "check_for_updates";
-
-            OutGoingGeneralSettings outsettings = new OutGoingGeneralSettings(GeneralSettingsConfig);
-            GeneralSettingsCustomAction customaction = new GeneralSettingsCustomAction(outsettings);
-
-            SendCheckForUpdatesConfigMSG(customaction.ToString());
-        }
-
-        private void UpdateNowClick()
-        {
-            IsNewVersionDownloading = string.IsNullOrEmpty(UpdatingSettingsConfig.DownloadedInstallerFilename);
-            NotifyPropertyChanged(nameof(IsDownloadAllowed));
-
-            Process.Start(new ProcessStartInfo(Helper.GetPowerToysInstallationFolder() + "\\PowerToys.exe") { Arguments = "powertoys://update_now/" });
-        }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// Class <c>GetResourceString</c> gets a localized text.
         /// </summary>
@@ -1373,16 +1177,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
             }
         }
 
-        public void RequestUpdateCheckedDate()
-        {
-            GeneralSettingsConfig.CustomActionName = "request_update_state_date";
-
-            OutGoingGeneralSettings outsettings = new OutGoingGeneralSettings(GeneralSettingsConfig);
-            GeneralSettingsCustomAction customaction = new GeneralSettingsCustomAction(outsettings);
-
-            SendCheckForUpdatesConfigMSG(customaction.ToString());
-        }
-
         public void RestartElevated()
         {
             GeneralSettingsConfig.CustomActionName = "restart_elevation";
@@ -1423,55 +1217,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
             NotifyAllBackupAndRestoreProperties();
         }
 
-        public void RefreshUpdatingState()
-        {
-            object oLock = new object();
-            lock (oLock)
-            {
-                var config = UpdatingSettings.LoadSettings();
-
-                // Retry loading if failed
-                for (int i = 0; i < 3 && config == null; i++)
-                {
-                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);
-                    config = UpdatingSettings.LoadSettings();
-                }
-
-                if (config == null)
-                {
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                UpdatingSettingsConfig = config;
-
-                if (PowerToysUpdatingState != config.State)
-                {
-                    IsNewVersionDownloading = false;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    bool dateChanged = UpdateCheckedDate == FriendlyDateHelper.Format(UpdatingSettingsConfig.LastCheckedDateTime);
-                    bool fileDownloaded = string.IsNullOrEmpty(UpdatingSettingsConfig.DownloadedInstallerFilename);
-                    IsNewVersionDownloading = !(dateChanged || fileDownloaded);
-                }
-
-                PowerToysUpdatingState = UpdatingSettingsConfig.State;
-                PowerToysNewAvailableVersion = UpdatingSettingsConfig.NewVersion;
-                PowerToysNewAvailableVersionLink = UpdatingSettingsConfig.ReleasePageLink;
-                IsPrereleaseUpdate = UpdatingSettingsConfig.IsPrerelease;
-                UpdateCheckedDate = FriendlyDateHelper.Format(UpdatingSettingsConfig.LastCheckedDateTime);
-
-                _isNoNetwork = PowerToysUpdatingState == UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.NetworkError;
-                NotifyPropertyChanged(nameof(IsNoNetwork));
-                NotifyPropertyChanged(nameof(IsNewVersionDownloading));
-                NotifyPropertyChanged(nameof(IsUpdatePanelVisible));
-                _isNewVersionChecked = PowerToysUpdatingState == UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.UpToDate && !IsNewVersionDownloading;
-                NotifyPropertyChanged(nameof(IsNewVersionCheckedAndUpToDate));
-
-                NotifyPropertyChanged(nameof(IsDownloadAllowed));
-            }
-        }
-
         private void InitializeLanguages()
         {
             var lang = LanguageModel.LoadSetting();

src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/ViewModels/UpdateViewModel.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,578 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
+// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
+
+using System;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.IO;
+using System.IO.Abstractions;
+using System.Threading;
+using ManagedCommon;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Helpers;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Library;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Library.Helpers;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Library.Interfaces;
+using Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Library.Utilities;
+using Microsoft.UI.Dispatching;
+
+namespace Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.ViewModels
+{
+    public sealed class UpdateViewModel : Observable, IDisposable
+    {
+        public enum UpdateUIState
+        {
+            UpToDate = 0,
+            Checking,
+            NetworkError,
+            ReadyToDownload,
+            Downloading,
+            ReadyToInstall,
+            ErrorDownloading,
+        }
+
+        internal enum TransientUpdateOperation
+        {
+            None,
+            Checking,
+            Downloading,
+            Installing,
+        }
+
+        private readonly ISettingsRepository<GeneralSettings> _settingsRepository;
+        private readonly Func<string, int> _sendCheckForUpdatesConfigMessage;
+        private readonly Func<UpdatingSettings> _loadSettings;
+        private readonly Action _startUpdate;
+        private readonly DispatcherQueue _dispatcherQueue;
+        private readonly DispatcherQueueTimer _updateCheckTimeoutTimer;
+        private readonly bool _isDevBuild;
+        private IFileSystemWatcher _fileWatcher;
+        private UpdatingSettings _updatingSettings;
+        private TransientUpdateOperation _activeUpdateOperation;
+        private UpdateUIState? _transientFailureState;
+        private bool _isActivityRequested;
+        private bool _isActivityDismissed;
+        private bool _disposed;
+
+#if DEBUG
+        private UpdateUIState? _debugPreviewState;
+#endif
+
+        public UpdateViewModel(
+            ISettingsRepository<GeneralSettings> settingsRepository,
+            Func<string, int> sendCheckForUpdatesConfigMessage)
+            : this(
+                  settingsRepository,
+                  sendCheckForUpdatesConfigMessage,
+                  UpdatingSettings.LoadSettings,
+                  StartUpdate,
+                  Helper.GetProductVersion() == "v0.0.1",
+                  true,
+                  DispatcherQueue.GetForCurrentThread())
+        {
+        }
+
+        internal UpdateViewModel(
+            ISettingsRepository<GeneralSettings> settingsRepository,
+            Func<string, int> sendCheckForUpdatesConfigMessage,
+            Func<UpdatingSettings> loadSettings,
+            Action startUpdate,
+            bool isDevBuild,
+            bool watchForChanges,
+            DispatcherQueue dispatcherQueue)
+        {
+            ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(settingsRepository);
+            ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(sendCheckForUpdatesConfigMessage);
+            ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(loadSettings);
+            ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(startUpdate);
+
+            _settingsRepository = settingsRepository;
+            _sendCheckForUpdatesConfigMessage = sendCheckForUpdatesConfigMessage;
+            _loadSettings = loadSettings;
+            _startUpdate = startUpdate;
+            _dispatcherQueue = dispatcherQueue;
+            _isDevBuild = isDevBuild;
+            _updatingSettings = _loadSettings() ?? new UpdatingSettings();
+
+            if (_dispatcherQueue is not null)
+            {
+                _updateCheckTimeoutTimer = _dispatcherQueue.CreateTimer();
+                _updateCheckTimeoutTimer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(2);
+                _updateCheckTimeoutTimer.IsRepeating = false;
+                _updateCheckTimeoutTimer.Tick += UpdateCheckTimeoutTimer_Tick;
+            }
+
+            CheckForUpdatesCommand = new RelayCommand(CheckForUpdates, () => CanStartAction);
+            UpdateNowCommand = new RelayCommand(UpdateNow, () => CanStartAction);
+            PrimaryActionCommand = new RelayCommand(ExecutePrimaryAction, () => CanStartAction);
+
+            if (watchForChanges)
+            {
+                _fileWatcher = Helper.GetFileWatcher(string.Empty, UpdatingSettings.SettingsFile, OnUpdateStateFileChanged);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public RelayCommand CheckForUpdatesCommand { get; }
+
+        public RelayCommand UpdateNowCommand { get; }
+
+        public RelayCommand PrimaryActionCommand { get; }
+
+        public UpdateUIState CurrentUpdateUIState
+        {
+            get
+            {
+#if DEBUG
+                if (_debugPreviewState.HasValue)
+                {
+                    return _debugPreviewState.Value;
+                }
+#endif
+                return _transientFailureState ?? GetUpdateUIState(_updatingSettings.State, _activeUpdateOperation);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public string StatusTitle
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                var resourceLoader = ResourceLoaderInstance.ResourceLoader;
+                return CurrentUpdateUIState switch
+                {
+                    UpdateUIState.Checking => resourceLoader.GetString("General_CheckingForUpdates/Text"),
+                    UpdateUIState.NetworkError => resourceLoader.GetString("General_CantCheck/Title"),
+                    UpdateUIState.ReadyToDownload or
+                    UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall => resourceLoader.GetString("General_UpdateAvailableTitle"),
+                    UpdateUIState.Downloading => resourceLoader.GetString("General_Downloading/Text"),
+                    UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading => resourceLoader.GetString("General_FailedToDownloadTheNewVersion/Title"),
+                    _ => resourceLoader.GetString("General_UpToDate/Title"),
+                };
+            }
+        }
+
+        public string StatusDescription
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                if (CurrentUpdateUIState is UpdateUIState.ReadyToDownload or
+                    UpdateUIState.Downloading or
+                    UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall or
+                    UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading)
+                {
+                    return DisplayVersion;
+                }
+
+                var lastCheckedDate = FriendlyDateHelper.Format(_updatingSettings.LastCheckedDateTime);
+                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(lastCheckedDate))
+                {
+                    return string.Empty;
+                }
+
+                return ResourceLoaderInstance.ResourceLoader.GetString("General_VersionLastChecked/Text") + lastCheckedDate;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public string DisplayVersion
+        {
+            get
+            {
+#if DEBUG
+                if (_debugPreviewState.HasValue)
+                {
+                    return "v0.99.0";
+                }
+#endif
+                return _updatingSettings.NewVersion;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public string ReleasePageLink => _updatingSettings.ReleasePageLink;
+
+        public bool IsPrereleaseUpdate => _updatingSettings.IsPrerelease;
+
+        public bool IsProgressActive => CurrentUpdateUIState is UpdateUIState.Checking or UpdateUIState.Downloading;
+
+        public string PrimaryActionText
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                var resourceLoader = ResourceLoaderInstance.ResourceLoader;
+                return CurrentUpdateUIState switch
+                {
+                    UpdateUIState.ReadyToDownload or UpdateUIState.Downloading => resourceLoader.GetString("General_DownloadAndInstall/Content"),
+                    UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall => resourceLoader.GetString("General_InstallNow/Content"),
+                    UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading => resourceLoader.GetString("General_TryAgainToDownloadAndInstall/Content"),
+                    _ => resourceLoader.GetString("GeneralPage_CheckForUpdates/Content"),
+                };
+            }
+        }
+
+        public bool ShowReleaseLink => CurrentUpdateUIState is
+            UpdateUIState.ReadyToDownload or
+            UpdateUIState.Downloading or
+            UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall or
+            UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading;
+
+        public bool ShowPrereleaseBadge => ShowReleaseLink && IsPrereleaseUpdate;
+
+        public bool CanStartAction
+        {
+            get
+            {
+#if DEBUG
+                if (_debugPreviewState.HasValue)
+                {
+                    return !IsProgressActive;
+                }
+#endif
+                return !_isDevBuild && _activeUpdateOperation == TransientUpdateOperation.None;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public bool IsActivityVisible =>
+            _isActivityRequested ||
+            (!_isActivityDismissed && CurrentUpdateUIState != UpdateUIState.UpToDate);
+
+        public bool ShowUpdateBadge => CurrentUpdateUIState is
+            UpdateUIState.ReadyToDownload or
+            UpdateUIState.Downloading or
+            UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall or
+            UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading;
+
+        internal static UpdateUIState GetUpdateUIState(
+            UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState updatingState,
+            TransientUpdateOperation activeUpdateOperation)
+        {
+            if (activeUpdateOperation == TransientUpdateOperation.Checking)
+            {
+                return UpdateUIState.Checking;
+            }
+
+            if (activeUpdateOperation == TransientUpdateOperation.Downloading)
+            {
+                return UpdateUIState.Downloading;
+            }
+
+            if (activeUpdateOperation == TransientUpdateOperation.Installing)
+            {
+                return UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall;
+            }
+
+            return updatingState switch
+            {
+                UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.NetworkError => UpdateUIState.NetworkError,
+                UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToDownload => UpdateUIState.ReadyToDownload,
+                UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ReadyToInstall => UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall,
+                UpdatingSettings.UpdatingState.ErrorDownloading => UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading,
+                _ => UpdateUIState.UpToDate,
+            };
+        }
+
+        public void RequestActivity()
+        {
+            if (!_isActivityRequested || _isActivityDismissed)
+            {
+                _isActivityRequested = true;
+                _isActivityDismissed = false;
+                OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsActivityVisible));
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void DismissActivity()
+        {
+            if (_isActivityRequested || !_isActivityDismissed)
+            {
+                _isActivityRequested = false;
+                _isActivityDismissed = true;
+                OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsActivityVisible));
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void BeginWindowSession()
+        {
+            bool wasVisible = IsActivityVisible;
+            _isActivityRequested = false;
+            _isActivityDismissed = false;
+
+            if (IsActivityVisible != wasVisible)
+            {
+                OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsActivityVisible));
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void CheckForUpdates()
+        {
+#if DEBUG
+            if (_debugPreviewState.HasValue)
+            {
+                SetDebugPreviewState(UpdateUIState.Checking);
+                return;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (!CanStartAction)
+            {
+                Logger.LogWarning("An update operation is already in progress.");
+                return;
+            }
+
+            var generalSettings = _settingsRepository.SettingsConfig;
+            generalSettings.CustomActionName = "check_for_updates";
+            var customAction = new GeneralSettingsCustomAction(new OutGoingGeneralSettings(generalSettings));
+
+            RequestActivity();
+            StartTransientOperation(TransientUpdateOperation.Checking);
+            try
+            {
+                if (_sendCheckForUpdatesConfigMessage(customAction.ToString()) != 0)
+                {
+                    FailTransientOperation(UpdateUIState.NetworkError, "Failed to send the update check request.");
+                }
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                FailTransientOperation(UpdateUIState.NetworkError, "Failed to send the update check request.", ex);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void UpdateNow()
+        {
+#if DEBUG
+            if (_debugPreviewState.HasValue)
+            {
+                SetDebugPreviewState(CurrentUpdateUIState == UpdateUIState.ReadyToInstall
+                    ? UpdateUIState.UpToDate
+                    : UpdateUIState.Downloading);
+                return;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (!CanStartAction)
+            {
+                Logger.LogWarning("An update operation is already in progress.");
+                return;
+            }
+
+            RequestActivity();
+            StartTransientOperation(string.IsNullOrEmpty(_updatingSettings.DownloadedInstallerFilename)
+                ? TransientUpdateOperation.Downloading
+                : TransientUpdateOperation.Installing);
+
+            try
+            {
+                _startUpdate();
+            }
+            catch (Exception ex)
+            {
+                FailTransientOperation(UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading, "Failed to start the PowerToys update.", ex);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void ExecutePrimaryAction()
+        {
+            if (CurrentUpdateUIState is UpdateUIState.UpToDate or UpdateUIState.Checking or UpdateUIState.NetworkError)
+            {
+                CheckForUpdates();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                UpdateNow();
+            }
+        }
+
+        internal void RefreshUpdatingState()
+        {
+            var updatingSettings = LoadSettingsWithRetry();
+            if (updatingSettings == null)
+            {
+                Logger.LogWarning("Failed to load the PowerToys update state.");
+                HandleUpdateStateRefreshFailure();
+                return;
+            }
+
+            ApplyUpdatingSettings(updatingSettings);
+        }
+
+#if DEBUG
+        internal bool IsPreviewing => _debugPreviewState.HasValue;
+
+        internal void SetDebugPreviewState(UpdateUIState? state)
+        {
+            if (_debugPreviewState != state)
+            {
+                _debugPreviewState = state;
+                CompleteTransientOperation();
+                _transientFailureState = null;
+                NotifyStateChanged();
+            }
+        }
+#endif
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            if (_disposed)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            _disposed = true;
+            if (_updateCheckTimeoutTimer is not null)
+            {
+                _updateCheckTimeoutTimer.Stop();
+                _updateCheckTimeoutTimer.Tick -= UpdateCheckTimeoutTimer_Tick;
+            }
+
+            _fileWatcher?.Dispose();
+            _fileWatcher = null;
+            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
+        }
+
+        private static void StartUpdate()
+        {
+            Process.Start(new ProcessStartInfo(Path.Combine(Helper.GetPowerToysInstallationFolder(), "PowerToys.exe"))
+            {
+                Arguments = "powertoys://update_now/",
+            });
+        }
+
+        private void OnUpdateStateFileChanged()
+        {
+            var updatingSettings = LoadSettingsWithRetry();
+            if (updatingSettings == null)
+            {
+                Logger.LogWarning("Failed to load the PowerToys update state after it changed.");
+                QueueUpdateStateRefreshFailure();
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (_dispatcherQueue == null || _dispatcherQueue.HasThreadAccess)
+            {
+                ApplyUpdatingSettings(updatingSettings);
+            }
+            else if (!_dispatcherQueue.TryEnqueue(() => ApplyUpdatingSettings(updatingSettings)))
+            {
+                Logger.LogWarning("Failed to queue a PowerToys update state refresh.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private UpdatingSettings LoadSettingsWithRetry()
+        {
+            for (var attempt = 0; attempt < 4; attempt++)
+            {
+                var updatingSettings = _loadSettings();
+                if (updatingSettings != null)
+                {
+                    return updatingSettings;
+                }
+
+                if (attempt < 3)
+                {
+                    Thread.Sleep(100);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        private void ApplyUpdatingSettings(UpdatingSettings updatingSettings)
+        {
+            if (_disposed)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            _updatingSettings = updatingSettings;
+            CompleteTransientOperation();
+            _transientFailureState = null;
+            NotifyStateChanged();
+        }
+
+        private void StartTransientOperation(TransientUpdateOperation operation)
+        {
+            CompleteTransientOperation();
+            _activeUpdateOperation = operation;
+            _transientFailureState = null;
+
+            // The runner persists update state only after an automatic download finishes,
+            // so a check timeout is safe only when automatic downloads are disabled.
+            if (operation == TransientUpdateOperation.Checking && !_settingsRepository.SettingsConfig.AutoDownloadUpdates)
+            {
+                _updateCheckTimeoutTimer?.Start();
+            }
+
+            NotifyStateChanged();
+        }
+
+        private void CompleteTransientOperation()
+        {
+            _updateCheckTimeoutTimer?.Stop();
+            _activeUpdateOperation = TransientUpdateOperation.None;
+        }
+
+        private void FailTransientOperation(UpdateUIState failureState, string message, Exception exception = null)
+        {
+            if (exception is null)
+            {
+                Logger.LogError(message);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Logger.LogError(message, exception);
+            }
+
+            CompleteTransientOperation();
+            _transientFailureState = failureState;
+            NotifyStateChanged();
+        }
+
+        private void HandleUpdateStateRefreshFailure()
+        {
+            if (_activeUpdateOperation == TransientUpdateOperation.None)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            var failureState = _activeUpdateOperation == TransientUpdateOperation.Checking
+                ? UpdateUIState.NetworkError
+                : UpdateUIState.ErrorDownloading;
+            FailTransientOperation(failureState, "The active PowerToys update operation could not refresh its state.");
+        }
+
+        private void QueueUpdateStateRefreshFailure()
+        {
+            if (_dispatcherQueue is null || _dispatcherQueue.HasThreadAccess)
+            {
+                HandleUpdateStateRefreshFailure();
+            }
+            else if (!_dispatcherQueue.TryEnqueue(HandleUpdateStateRefreshFailure))
+            {
+                Logger.LogWarning("Failed to queue PowerToys update state error handling.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void UpdateCheckTimeoutTimer_Tick(DispatcherQueueTimer sender, object args)
+        {
+            if (_activeUpdateOperation == TransientUpdateOperation.Checking)
+            {
+                FailTransientOperation(UpdateUIState.NetworkError, "The PowerToys update check timed out.");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void NotifyStateChanged()
+        {
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(CurrentUpdateUIState));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(StatusTitle));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(StatusDescription));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(DisplayVersion));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(ReleasePageLink));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsPrereleaseUpdate));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsProgressActive));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(PrimaryActionText));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(ShowReleaseLink));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(ShowPrereleaseBadge));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(CanStartAction));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(IsActivityVisible));
+            OnPropertyChanged(nameof(ShowUpdateBadge));
+            CheckForUpdatesCommand.OnCanExecuteChanged();
+            UpdateNowCommand.OnCanExecuteChanged();
+            PrimaryActionCommand.OnCanExecuteChanged();
+        }
+    }
+}