---
slug: /reference/schema
sidebar_position: 3
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---

# Schema Reference

| Attribute  | Type                               | Default       | Description                                                                                                                                                            |
|------------|------------------------------------|---------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `version`  | `string`                           |               | Version of the Taskfile. The current version is `3`.                                                                                                                   |
| `output`   | `string`                           | `interleaved` | Output mode. Available options: `interleaved`, `group` and `prefixed`.                                                                                                 |
| `method`   | `string`                           | `checksum`    | Default method in this Taskfile. Can be overridden in a task by task basis. Available options: `checksum`, `timestamp` and `none`.                                     |
| `includes` | [`map[string]Include`](#include)   |               | Additional Taskfiles to be included.                                                                                                                                   |
| `vars`     | [`map[string]Variable`](#variable) |               | A set of global variables.                                                                                                                                             |
| `env`      | [`map[string]Variable`](#variable) |               | A set of global environment variables.                                                                                                                                 |
| `tasks`    | [`map[string]Task`](#task)         |               | A set of task definitions.                                                                                                                                             |
| `silent`   | `bool`                             | `false`       | Default 'silent' options for this Taskfile. If `false`, can be overridden with `true` in a task by task basis.                                                         |
| `dotenv`   | `[]string`                         |               | A list of `.env` file paths to be parsed.                                                                                                                              |
| `run`      | `string`                           | `always`      | Default 'run' option for this Taskfile. Available options: `always`, `once` and `when_changed`.                                                                        |
| `interval` | `string`                           | `5s`          | Sets a different watch interval when using `--watch`, the default being 5 seconds. This string should be a valid [Go Duration](https://pkg.go.dev/time#ParseDuration). |
| `set`      | `[]string`                         |               | Specify options for the [`set` builtin](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/The-Set-Builtin.html).                                                      |
| `shopt`    | `[]string`                         |               | Specify option for the [`shopt` builtin](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/The-Shopt-Builtin.html).                                                   |

## Include

| Attribute  | Type                  | Default                       | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
|------------|-----------------------|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `taskfile` | `string`              |                               | The path for the Taskfile or directory to be included. If a directory, Task will look for files named `Taskfile.yml` or `Taskfile.yaml` inside that directory. If a relative path, resolved relative to the directory containing the including Taskfile. |
| `dir`      | `string`              | The parent Taskfile directory | The working directory of the included tasks when run.                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| `optional` | `bool`                | `false`                       | If `true`, no errors will be thrown if the specified file does not exist.                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `flatten`  | `bool`                | `false`                       | If `true`, the tasks from the included Taskfile will be available in the including Taskfile without a namespace. If a task with the same name already exists in the including Taskfile, an error will be thrown.                                         |
| `internal` | `bool`                | `false`                       | Stops any task in the included Taskfile from being callable on the command line. These commands will also be omitted from the output when used with `--list`.                                                                                            |
| `aliases`  | `[]string`            |                               | Alternative names for the namespace of the included Taskfile.                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `vars`     | `map[string]Variable` |                               | A set of variables to apply to the included Taskfile.                                                                                                                                                                                                    |

:::info

Informing only a string like below is equivalent to setting that value to the
`taskfile` attribute.

```yaml
includes:
  foo: ./path
```

:::

## Variable

| Attribute | Type     | Default | Description                                                              |
| --------- | -------- | ------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| _itself_  | `string` |         | A static value that will be set to the variable.                         |
| `sh`      | `string` |         | A shell command. The output (`STDOUT`) will be assigned to the variable. |

:::info

Static and dynamic variables have different syntaxes, like below:

```yaml
vars:
  STATIC: static
  DYNAMIC:
    sh: echo "dynamic"
```

:::

:::info

In a variables map, variables defined later may reference variables defined
earlier (declaration order is respected):

```yaml
vars:
  FIRST_VAR: "hello"
  SECOND_VAR: "{{.FIRST_VAR}} world"
```

:::

## Task

| Attribute       | Type                               | Default                                               | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| --------------- | ---------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `cmds`          | [`[]Command`](#command)            |                                                       | A list of shell commands to be executed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| `deps`          | [`[]Dependency`](#dependency)      |                                                       | A list of dependencies of this task. Tasks defined here will run in parallel before this task.                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| `label`         | `string`                           |                                                       | Overrides the name of the task in the output when a task is run. Supports variables.                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `desc`          | `string`                           |                                                       | A short description of the task. This is displayed when calling `task --list`.                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| `prompt`        | `[]string`                         |                                                       | One or more prompts that will be presented before a task is run. Declining will cancel running the current and any subsequent tasks.                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `summary`       | `string`                           |                                                       | A longer description of the task. This is displayed when calling `task --summary [task]`.                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `aliases`       | `[]string`                         |                                                       | A list of alternative names by which the task can be called.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| `sources`       | `[]string`                         |                                                       | A list of sources to check before running this task. Relevant for `checksum` and `timestamp` methods. Can be file paths or star globs.                                                                                                                                                                   |
| `generates`     | `[]string`                         |                                                       | A list of files meant to be generated by this task. Relevant for `timestamp` method. Can be file paths or star globs.                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| `status`        | `[]string`                         |                                                       | A list of commands to check if this task should run. The task is skipped otherwise. This overrides `method`, `sources` and `generates`.                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `preconditions` | [`[]Precondition`](#precondition)  |                                                       | A list of commands to check if this task should run. If a condition is not met, the task will error.                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `requires`      | [`Requires`](#requires)            |                                                       | A list of required variables which should be set if this task is to run, if any variables listed are unset the task will error and not run.                                                                                                                                                              |
| `dir`           | `string`                           |                                                       | The directory in which this task should run. Defaults to the current working directory.                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `vars`          | [`map[string]Variable`](#variable) |                                                       | A set of variables that can be used in the task.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| `env`           | [`map[string]Variable`](#variable) |                                                       | A set of environment variables that will be made available to shell commands.                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `dotenv`        | `[]string`                         |                                                       | A list of `.env` file paths to be parsed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `silent`        | `bool`                             | `false`                                               | Hides task name and command from output. The command's output will still be redirected to `STDOUT` and `STDERR`. When combined with the `--list` flag, task descriptions will be hidden.                                                                                                                 |
| `interactive`   | `bool`                             | `false`                                               | Tells task that the command is interactive.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| `internal`      | `bool`                             | `false`                                               | Stops a task from being callable on the command line. It will also be omitted from the output when used with `--list`.                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| `method`        | `string`                           | `checksum`                                            | Defines which method is used to check the task is up-to-date. `timestamp` will compare the timestamp of the sources and generates files. `checksum` will check the checksum (You probably want to ignore the .task folder in your .gitignore file). `none` skips any validation and always run the task. |
| `prefix`        | `string`                           |                                                       | Defines a string to prefix the output of tasks running in parallel. Only used when the output mode is `prefixed`.                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `ignore_error`  | `bool`                             | `false`                                               | Continue execution if errors happen while executing commands.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| `run`           | `string`                           | The one declared globally in the Taskfile or `always` | Specifies whether the task should run again or not if called more than once. Available options: `always`, `once` and `when_changed`.                                                                                                                                                                     |
| `platforms`     | `[]string`                         | All platforms                                         | Specifies which platforms the task should be run on. [Valid GOOS and GOARCH values allowed](https://github.com/golang/go/blob/master/src/internal/syslist/syslist.go). Task will be skipped otherwise.                                                                                                             |
| `set`           | `[]string`                         |                                                       | Specify options for the [`set` builtin](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/The-Set-Builtin.html).                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| `shopt`         | `[]string`                         |                                                       | Specify option for the [`shopt` builtin](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/The-Shopt-Builtin.html).                                                                                                                                                                                     |

:::info

These alternative syntaxes are available. They will set the given values to
`cmds` and everything else will be set to their default values:

```yaml
tasks:
  foo: echo "foo"

  foobar:
    - echo "foo"
    - echo "bar"

  baz:
    cmd: echo "baz"
```

:::

### Command

| Attribute      | Type                               | Default       | Description                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| -------------- | ---------------------------------- | ------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `cmd`          | `string`                           |               | The shell command to be executed.                                                                                                                                                                  |
| `task`         | `string`                           |               | Set this to trigger execution of another task instead of running a command. This cannot be set together with `cmd`.                                                                                |
| `for`          | [`For`](#for)                      |               | Runs the command once for each given value.                                                                                                                                                        |
| `silent`       | `bool`                             | `false`       | Skips some output for this command. Note that STDOUT and STDERR of the commands will still be redirected.                                                                                          |
| `vars`         | [`map[string]Variable`](#variable) |               | Optional additional variables to be passed to the referenced task. Only relevant when setting `task` instead of `cmd`.                                                                             |
| `ignore_error` | `bool`                             | `false`       | Continue execution if errors happen while executing the command.                                                                                                                                   |
| `defer`        | [`Defer`](#defer)                  |               | Alternative to `cmd`, but schedules the command or a task to be executed at the end of this task instead of immediately. This cannot be used together with `cmd`.                                  |
| `platforms`    | `[]string`                         | All platforms | Specifies which platforms the command should be run on. [Valid GOOS and GOARCH values allowed](https://github.com/golang/go/blob/master/src/internal/syslist/syslist.go). Command will be skipped otherwise. |
| `set`          | `[]string`                         |               | Specify options for the [`set` builtin](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/The-Set-Builtin.html).                                                                                  |
| `shopt`        | `[]string`                         |               | Specify option for the [`shopt` builtin](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/The-Shopt-Builtin.html).                                                                               |

:::info

If given as a a string, the value will be assigned to `cmd`:

```yaml
tasks:
  foo:
    cmds:
      - echo "foo"
      - echo "bar"
```

:::

### Dependency

| Attribute | Type                               | Default | Description                                                                                                      |
| --------- | ---------------------------------- | ------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `task`    | `string`                           |         | The task to be execute as a dependency.                                                                          |
| `vars`    | [`map[string]Variable`](#variable) |         | Optional additional variables to be passed to this task.                                                         |
| `silent`  | `bool`                             | `false` | Hides task name and command from output. The command's output will still be redirected to `STDOUT` and `STDERR`. |

:::tip

If you don't want to set additional variables, it's enough to declare the
dependency as a list of strings (they will be assigned to `task`):

```yaml
tasks:
  foo:
    deps: [foo, bar]
```

:::

### Defer

The `defer` parameter defines a shell command to run, or a task to trigger, at the end of the current task instead of immediately.
If defined as a string this is a shell command, otherwise it is a map defining a task to call:

| Attribute | Type                               | Default | Description                                                       |
| --------- | ---------------------------------- | ------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `task`    | `string`                           |         | The deferred task to trigger.                                     |
| `vars`    | [`map[string]Variable`](#variable) |         | Optional additional variables to be passed to the deferred task.  |
| `silent`  | `bool`                             | `false` | Hides task name and command from output. The command's output will still be redirected to `STDOUT` and `STDERR`. |

### For

The `for` parameter can be defined as a string, a list of strings or a map. If
it is defined as a string, you can give it any of the following values:

- `sources` - Will run the command for each source file defined on the task.
  (Glob patterns will be resolved, so `*.go` will run for every Go file that
  matches).
- `generates` - Will run the command for each file defined in the task's generates
  list. (Glob patterns will be resolved, so `*.txt` will run for every text file
  that matches).

If it is defined as a list of strings, the command will be run for each value.

Finally, the `for` parameter can be defined as a map when you want to use a
variable to define the values to loop over:

| Attribute | Type     | Default          | Description                                  |
| --------- | -------- | ---------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
| `var`     | `string` |                  | The name of the variable to use as an input. |
| `split`   | `string` | (any whitespace) | What string the variable should be split on. |
| `as`      | `string` | `ITEM`           | The name of the iterator variable.           |

### Precondition

| Attribute | Type     | Default | Description                                                                                                  |
| --------- | -------- | ------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `sh`      | `string` |         | Command to be executed. If a non-zero exit code is returned, the task errors without executing its commands. |
| `msg`     | `string` |         | Optional message to print if the precondition isn't met.                                                     |

:::tip

If you don't want to set a different message, you can declare a precondition
like this and the value will be assigned to `sh`:

```yaml
tasks:
  foo:
    precondition: test -f Taskfile.yml
```

:::

### Requires

| Attribute | Type       | Default | Description                                                                                        |
| --------- | ---------- | ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `vars`    | `[]string` |         | List of variable or environment variable names that must be set if this task is to execute and run |
