Fix the WinGet missing / Admin crash (#38493)

This is a fix for a pair of related crashes. 

Basically, we'd crash on startup if we failed to initialize WinGet. This could happen in two different places:
* If WinGet wasn't installed, then we'd explode, cause obviously we can't call its APIs
* If we're running as Admin, we won't be able to instantiate it's COM server. 

Regardless of how it happens, I've defaulted us to just _not enabling the winget built-in_. That's the simplest solution here. 

As I was helpfully reminded, there's also an elevated WindowsPackageManagerFactory we could use too - though, that wouldn't solve the case of "winget isn't installed"

Closes #38460
Closes #38440 (most likely)

src/modules/cmdpal/Microsoft.CmdPal.UI/App.xaml.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
 // See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
 
+using ManagedCommon;
 using Microsoft.CmdPal.Common.Helpers;
 using Microsoft.CmdPal.Common.Services;
 using Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps;
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ public partial class App : Application
 
         var cmdArgs = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
 
-        bool runFromPT = false;
+        var runFromPT = false;
         foreach (var arg in cmdArgs)
         {
             if (arg == "RunFromPT")
@@ -107,9 +108,6 @@ public partial class App : Application
 
         // Built-in Commands. Order matters - this is the order they'll be presented by default.
         var allApps = new AllAppsCommandProvider();
-        var winget = new WinGetExtensionCommandsProvider();
-        var callback = allApps.LookupApp;
-        winget.SetAllLookup(callback);
         services.AddSingleton<ICommandProvider>(allApps);
         services.AddSingleton<ICommandProvider, ShellCommandsProvider>();
         services.AddSingleton<ICommandProvider, CalculatorCommandProvider>();
@@ -120,7 +118,25 @@ public partial class App : Application
         // services.AddSingleton<ICommandProvider, ClipboardHistoryCommandsProvider>();
         services.AddSingleton<ICommandProvider, WindowWalkerCommandsProvider>();
         services.AddSingleton<ICommandProvider, WebSearchCommandsProvider>();
-        services.AddSingleton<ICommandProvider>(winget);
+
+        // GH #38440: Users might not have WinGet installed! Or they might have
+        // a ridiculously old version. Or might be running as admin.
+        // We shouldn't explode in the App ctor if we fail to instantiate an
+        // instance of PackageManager, which will happen in the static ctor
+        // for WinGetStatics
+        try
+        {
+            var winget = new WinGetExtensionCommandsProvider();
+            var callback = allApps.LookupApp;
+            winget.SetAllLookup(callback);
+            services.AddSingleton<ICommandProvider>(winget);
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Logger.LogError("Couldn't load winget");
+            Logger.LogError(ex.ToString());
+        }
+
         services.AddSingleton<ICommandProvider, WindowsTerminalCommandsProvider>();
         services.AddSingleton<ICommandProvider, WindowsSettingsCommandsProvider>();
         services.AddSingleton<ICommandProvider, RegistryCommandsProvider>();

src/modules/cmdpal/exts/Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.WinGet/Pages/InstallPackageListItem.cs

@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ public partial class InstallPackageListItem : ListItem
 
     private void InstallStateChangedHandler(object? sender, InstallPackageCommand e)
     {
-        if (!ApiInformation.IsApiContractPresent("Microsoft.Management.Deployment", 12))
+        if (!ApiInformation.IsApiContractPresent("Microsoft.Management.Deployment.WindowsPackageManagerContract", 12))
         {
             Logger.LogError($"RefreshPackageCatalogAsync isn't available");
             e.FakeChangeStatus();

src/modules/cmdpal/exts/Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.WinGet/WinGetStatics.cs

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.CommandPalette.Extensions;
 using Microsoft.CommandPalette.Extensions.Toolkit;
 using Microsoft.Management.Deployment;
+using Windows.Foundation.Metadata;
 using WindowsPackageManager.Interop;
 
 namespace Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.WinGet;
@@ -51,9 +52,12 @@ internal static class WinGetStatics
             _storeCatalog,
         ];
 
-        foreach (var catalogReference in AvailableCatalogs)
+        if (ApiInformation.IsApiContractPresent("Microsoft.Management.Deployment.WindowsPackageManagerContract", 8))
         {
-            catalogReference.PackageCatalogBackgroundUpdateInterval = new(0);
+            foreach (var catalogReference in AvailableCatalogs)
+            {
+                catalogReference.PackageCatalogBackgroundUpdateInterval = new(0);
+            }
         }
 
         // Immediately start the lazy-init of the all packages catalog, but