Pack python env to zip

This commit is contained in:
qianlifeng
2014-07-18 20:00:55 +08:00
parent 7be02731ee
commit 7b4d6ba57e
1022 changed files with 2670 additions and 246394 deletions

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# __
# /__) _ _ _ _ _/ _
# / ( (- (/ (/ (- _) / _)
# /
"""
requests HTTP library
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Requests is an HTTP library, written in Python, for human beings. Basic GET
usage:
>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get('http://python.org')
>>> r.status_code
200
>>> 'Python is a programming language' in r.content
True
... or POST:
>>> payload = dict(key1='value1', key2='value2')
>>> r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)
>>> print(r.text)
{
...
"form": {
"key2": "value2",
"key1": "value1"
},
...
}
The other HTTP methods are supported - see `requests.api`. Full documentation
is at <http://python-requests.org>.
:copyright: (c) 2014 by Kenneth Reitz.
:license: Apache 2.0, see LICENSE for more details.
"""
__title__ = 'requests'
__version__ = '2.3.0'
__build__ = 0x020300
__author__ = 'Kenneth Reitz'
__license__ = 'Apache 2.0'
__copyright__ = 'Copyright 2014 Kenneth Reitz'
# Attempt to enable urllib3's SNI support, if possible
try:
from .packages.urllib3.contrib import pyopenssl
pyopenssl.inject_into_urllib3()
except ImportError:
pass
from . import utils
from .models import Request, Response, PreparedRequest
from .api import request, get, head, post, patch, put, delete, options
from .sessions import session, Session
from .status_codes import codes
from .exceptions import (
RequestException, Timeout, URLRequired,
TooManyRedirects, HTTPError, ConnectionError
)
# Set default logging handler to avoid "No handler found" warnings.
import logging
try: # Python 2.7+
from logging import NullHandler
except ImportError:
class NullHandler(logging.Handler):
def emit(self, record):
pass
logging.getLogger(__name__).addHandler(NullHandler())

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
requests.adapters
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This module contains the transport adapters that Requests uses to define
and maintain connections.
"""
import socket
from .models import Response
from .packages.urllib3.poolmanager import PoolManager, proxy_from_url
from .packages.urllib3.response import HTTPResponse
from .packages.urllib3.util import Timeout as TimeoutSauce
from .compat import urlparse, basestring, urldefrag, unquote
from .utils import (DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH, get_encoding_from_headers,
prepend_scheme_if_needed, get_auth_from_url)
from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import MaxRetryError
from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import TimeoutError
from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import SSLError as _SSLError
from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import HTTPError as _HTTPError
from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import ProxyError as _ProxyError
from .cookies import extract_cookies_to_jar
from .exceptions import ConnectionError, Timeout, SSLError, ProxyError
from .auth import _basic_auth_str
DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK = False
DEFAULT_POOLSIZE = 10
DEFAULT_RETRIES = 0
class BaseAdapter(object):
"""The Base Transport Adapter"""
def __init__(self):
super(BaseAdapter, self).__init__()
def send(self):
raise NotImplementedError
def close(self):
raise NotImplementedError
class HTTPAdapter(BaseAdapter):
"""The built-in HTTP Adapter for urllib3.
Provides a general-case interface for Requests sessions to contact HTTP and
HTTPS urls by implementing the Transport Adapter interface. This class will
usually be created by the :class:`Session <Session>` class under the
covers.
:param pool_connections: The number of urllib3 connection pools to cache.
:param pool_maxsize: The maximum number of connections to save in the pool.
:param int max_retries: The maximum number of retries each connection
should attempt. Note, this applies only to failed connections and
timeouts, never to requests where the server returns a response.
:param pool_block: Whether the connection pool should block for connections.
Usage::
>>> import requests
>>> s = requests.Session()
>>> a = requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter(max_retries=3)
>>> s.mount('http://', a)
"""
__attrs__ = ['max_retries', 'config', '_pool_connections', '_pool_maxsize',
'_pool_block']
def __init__(self, pool_connections=DEFAULT_POOLSIZE,
pool_maxsize=DEFAULT_POOLSIZE, max_retries=DEFAULT_RETRIES,
pool_block=DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK):
self.max_retries = max_retries
self.config = {}
self.proxy_manager = {}
super(HTTPAdapter, self).__init__()
self._pool_connections = pool_connections
self._pool_maxsize = pool_maxsize
self._pool_block = pool_block
self.init_poolmanager(pool_connections, pool_maxsize, block=pool_block)
def __getstate__(self):
return dict((attr, getattr(self, attr, None)) for attr in
self.__attrs__)
def __setstate__(self, state):
# Can't handle by adding 'proxy_manager' to self.__attrs__ because
# because self.poolmanager uses a lambda function, which isn't pickleable.
self.proxy_manager = {}
self.config = {}
for attr, value in state.items():
setattr(self, attr, value)
self.init_poolmanager(self._pool_connections, self._pool_maxsize,
block=self._pool_block)
def init_poolmanager(self, connections, maxsize, block=DEFAULT_POOLBLOCK):
"""Initializes a urllib3 PoolManager. This method should not be called
from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the
:class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
:param connections: The number of urllib3 connection pools to cache.
:param maxsize: The maximum number of connections to save in the pool.
:param block: Block when no free connections are available.
"""
# save these values for pickling
self._pool_connections = connections
self._pool_maxsize = maxsize
self._pool_block = block
self.poolmanager = PoolManager(num_pools=connections, maxsize=maxsize,
block=block)
def cert_verify(self, conn, url, verify, cert):
"""Verify a SSL certificate. This method should not be called from user
code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the
:class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
:param conn: The urllib3 connection object associated with the cert.
:param url: The requested URL.
:param verify: Whether we should actually verify the certificate.
:param cert: The SSL certificate to verify.
"""
if url.lower().startswith('https') and verify:
cert_loc = None
# Allow self-specified cert location.
if verify is not True:
cert_loc = verify
if not cert_loc:
cert_loc = DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH
if not cert_loc:
raise Exception("Could not find a suitable SSL CA certificate bundle.")
conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_REQUIRED'
conn.ca_certs = cert_loc
else:
conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_NONE'
conn.ca_certs = None
if cert:
if not isinstance(cert, basestring):
conn.cert_file = cert[0]
conn.key_file = cert[1]
else:
conn.cert_file = cert
def build_response(self, req, resp):
"""Builds a :class:`Response <requests.Response>` object from a urllib3
response. This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed
for use when subclassing the
:class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`
:param req: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` used to generate the response.
:param resp: The urllib3 response object.
"""
response = Response()
# Fallback to None if there's no status_code, for whatever reason.
response.status_code = getattr(resp, 'status', None)
# Make headers case-insensitive.
response.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict(getattr(resp, 'headers', {}))
# Set encoding.
response.encoding = get_encoding_from_headers(response.headers)
response.raw = resp
response.reason = response.raw.reason
if isinstance(req.url, bytes):
response.url = req.url.decode('utf-8')
else:
response.url = req.url
# Add new cookies from the server.
extract_cookies_to_jar(response.cookies, req, resp)
# Give the Response some context.
response.request = req
response.connection = self
return response
def get_connection(self, url, proxies=None):
"""Returns a urllib3 connection for the given URL. This should not be
called from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the
:class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
:param url: The URL to connect to.
:param proxies: (optional) A Requests-style dictionary of proxies used on this request.
"""
proxies = proxies or {}
proxy = proxies.get(urlparse(url.lower()).scheme)
if proxy:
proxy = prepend_scheme_if_needed(proxy, 'http')
proxy_headers = self.proxy_headers(proxy)
if not proxy in self.proxy_manager:
self.proxy_manager[proxy] = proxy_from_url(
proxy,
proxy_headers=proxy_headers,
num_pools=self._pool_connections,
maxsize=self._pool_maxsize,
block=self._pool_block)
conn = self.proxy_manager[proxy].connection_from_url(url)
else:
# Only scheme should be lower case
parsed = urlparse(url)
url = parsed.geturl()
conn = self.poolmanager.connection_from_url(url)
return conn
def close(self):
"""Disposes of any internal state.
Currently, this just closes the PoolManager, which closes pooled
connections.
"""
self.poolmanager.clear()
def request_url(self, request, proxies):
"""Obtain the url to use when making the final request.
If the message is being sent through a HTTP proxy, the full URL has to
be used. Otherwise, we should only use the path portion of the URL.
This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use
when subclassing the
:class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
:param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` being sent.
:param proxies: A dictionary of schemes to proxy URLs.
"""
proxies = proxies or {}
scheme = urlparse(request.url).scheme
proxy = proxies.get(scheme)
if proxy and scheme != 'https':
url, _ = urldefrag(request.url)
else:
url = request.path_url
return url
def add_headers(self, request, **kwargs):
"""Add any headers needed by the connection. As of v2.0 this does
nothing by default, but is left for overriding by users that subclass
the :class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use
when subclassing the
:class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
:param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` to add headers to.
:param kwargs: The keyword arguments from the call to send().
"""
pass
def proxy_headers(self, proxy):
"""Returns a dictionary of the headers to add to any request sent
through a proxy. This works with urllib3 magic to ensure that they are
correctly sent to the proxy, rather than in a tunnelled request if
CONNECT is being used.
This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use
when subclassing the
:class:`HTTPAdapter <requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter>`.
:param proxies: The url of the proxy being used for this request.
:param kwargs: Optional additional keyword arguments.
"""
headers = {}
username, password = get_auth_from_url(proxy)
if username and password:
headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(username,
password)
return headers
def send(self, request, stream=False, timeout=None, verify=True, cert=None, proxies=None):
"""Sends PreparedRequest object. Returns Response object.
:param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` being sent.
:param stream: (optional) Whether to stream the request content.
:param timeout: (optional) The timeout on the request.
:param verify: (optional) Whether to verify SSL certificates.
:param cert: (optional) Any user-provided SSL certificate to be trusted.
:param proxies: (optional) The proxies dictionary to apply to the request.
"""
conn = self.get_connection(request.url, proxies)
self.cert_verify(conn, request.url, verify, cert)
url = self.request_url(request, proxies)
self.add_headers(request)
chunked = not (request.body is None or 'Content-Length' in request.headers)
timeout = TimeoutSauce(connect=timeout, read=timeout)
try:
if not chunked:
resp = conn.urlopen(
method=request.method,
url=url,
body=request.body,
headers=request.headers,
redirect=False,
assert_same_host=False,
preload_content=False,
decode_content=False,
retries=self.max_retries,
timeout=timeout
)
# Send the request.
else:
if hasattr(conn, 'proxy_pool'):
conn = conn.proxy_pool
low_conn = conn._get_conn(timeout=timeout)
try:
low_conn.putrequest(request.method,
url,
skip_accept_encoding=True)
for header, value in request.headers.items():
low_conn.putheader(header, value)
low_conn.endheaders()
for i in request.body:
low_conn.send(hex(len(i))[2:].encode('utf-8'))
low_conn.send(b'\r\n')
low_conn.send(i)
low_conn.send(b'\r\n')
low_conn.send(b'0\r\n\r\n')
r = low_conn.getresponse()
resp = HTTPResponse.from_httplib(
r,
pool=conn,
connection=low_conn,
preload_content=False,
decode_content=False
)
except:
# If we hit any problems here, clean up the connection.
# Then, reraise so that we can handle the actual exception.
low_conn.close()
raise
else:
# All is well, return the connection to the pool.
conn._put_conn(low_conn)
except socket.error as sockerr:
raise ConnectionError(sockerr, request=request)
except MaxRetryError as e:
raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
except _ProxyError as e:
raise ProxyError(e)
except (_SSLError, _HTTPError) as e:
if isinstance(e, _SSLError):
raise SSLError(e, request=request)
elif isinstance(e, TimeoutError):
raise Timeout(e, request=request)
else:
raise
return self.build_response(request, resp)

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
requests.api
~~~~~~~~~~~~
This module implements the Requests API.
:copyright: (c) 2012 by Kenneth Reitz.
:license: Apache2, see LICENSE for more details.
"""
from . import sessions
def request(method, url, **kwargs):
"""Constructs and sends a :class:`Request <Request>`.
Returns :class:`Response <Response>` object.
:param method: method for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param params: (optional) Dictionary or bytes to be sent in the query string for the :class:`Request`.
:param data: (optional) Dictionary, bytes, or file-like object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
:param headers: (optional) Dictionary of HTTP Headers to send with the :class:`Request`.
:param cookies: (optional) Dict or CookieJar object to send with the :class:`Request`.
:param files: (optional) Dictionary of 'name': file-like-objects (or {'name': ('filename', fileobj)}) for multipart encoding upload.
:param auth: (optional) Auth tuple to enable Basic/Digest/Custom HTTP Auth.
:param timeout: (optional) Float describing the timeout of the request in seconds.
:param allow_redirects: (optional) Boolean. Set to True if POST/PUT/DELETE redirect following is allowed.
:param proxies: (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy.
:param verify: (optional) if ``True``, the SSL cert will be verified. A CA_BUNDLE path can also be provided.
:param stream: (optional) if ``False``, the response content will be immediately downloaded.
:param cert: (optional) if String, path to ssl client cert file (.pem). If Tuple, ('cert', 'key') pair.
Usage::
>>> import requests
>>> req = requests.request('GET', 'http://httpbin.org/get')
<Response [200]>
"""
session = sessions.Session()
return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
def get(url, **kwargs):
"""Sends a GET request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
return request('get', url, **kwargs)
def options(url, **kwargs):
"""Sends a OPTIONS request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
return request('options', url, **kwargs)
def head(url, **kwargs):
"""Sends a HEAD request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', False)
return request('head', url, **kwargs)
def post(url, data=None, **kwargs):
"""Sends a POST request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param data: (optional) Dictionary, bytes, or file-like object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
return request('post', url, data=data, **kwargs)
def put(url, data=None, **kwargs):
"""Sends a PUT request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param data: (optional) Dictionary, bytes, or file-like object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
return request('put', url, data=data, **kwargs)
def patch(url, data=None, **kwargs):
"""Sends a PATCH request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param data: (optional) Dictionary, bytes, or file-like object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
return request('patch', url, data=data, **kwargs)
def delete(url, **kwargs):
"""Sends a DELETE request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
return request('delete', url, **kwargs)

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
requests.auth
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This module contains the authentication handlers for Requests.
"""
import os
import re
import time
import hashlib
from base64 import b64encode
from .compat import urlparse, str
from .cookies import extract_cookies_to_jar
from .utils import parse_dict_header
CONTENT_TYPE_FORM_URLENCODED = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
CONTENT_TYPE_MULTI_PART = 'multipart/form-data'
def _basic_auth_str(username, password):
"""Returns a Basic Auth string."""
return 'Basic ' + b64encode(('%s:%s' % (username, password)).encode('latin1')).strip().decode('latin1')
class AuthBase(object):
"""Base class that all auth implementations derive from"""
def __call__(self, r):
raise NotImplementedError('Auth hooks must be callable.')
class HTTPBasicAuth(AuthBase):
"""Attaches HTTP Basic Authentication to the given Request object."""
def __init__(self, username, password):
self.username = username
self.password = password
def __call__(self, r):
r.headers['Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(self.username, self.password)
return r
class HTTPProxyAuth(HTTPBasicAuth):
"""Attaches HTTP Proxy Authentication to a given Request object."""
def __call__(self, r):
r.headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(self.username, self.password)
return r
class HTTPDigestAuth(AuthBase):
"""Attaches HTTP Digest Authentication to the given Request object."""
def __init__(self, username, password):
self.username = username
self.password = password
self.last_nonce = ''
self.nonce_count = 0
self.chal = {}
self.pos = None
def build_digest_header(self, method, url):
realm = self.chal['realm']
nonce = self.chal['nonce']
qop = self.chal.get('qop')
algorithm = self.chal.get('algorithm')
opaque = self.chal.get('opaque')
if algorithm is None:
_algorithm = 'MD5'
else:
_algorithm = algorithm.upper()
# lambdas assume digest modules are imported at the top level
if _algorithm == 'MD5' or _algorithm == 'MD5-SESS':
def md5_utf8(x):
if isinstance(x, str):
x = x.encode('utf-8')
return hashlib.md5(x).hexdigest()
hash_utf8 = md5_utf8
elif _algorithm == 'SHA':
def sha_utf8(x):
if isinstance(x, str):
x = x.encode('utf-8')
return hashlib.sha1(x).hexdigest()
hash_utf8 = sha_utf8
KD = lambda s, d: hash_utf8("%s:%s" % (s, d))
if hash_utf8 is None:
return None
# XXX not implemented yet
entdig = None
p_parsed = urlparse(url)
path = p_parsed.path
if p_parsed.query:
path += '?' + p_parsed.query
A1 = '%s:%s:%s' % (self.username, realm, self.password)
A2 = '%s:%s' % (method, path)
HA1 = hash_utf8(A1)
HA2 = hash_utf8(A2)
if nonce == self.last_nonce:
self.nonce_count += 1
else:
self.nonce_count = 1
ncvalue = '%08x' % self.nonce_count
s = str(self.nonce_count).encode('utf-8')
s += nonce.encode('utf-8')
s += time.ctime().encode('utf-8')
s += os.urandom(8)
cnonce = (hashlib.sha1(s).hexdigest()[:16])
noncebit = "%s:%s:%s:%s:%s" % (nonce, ncvalue, cnonce, qop, HA2)
if _algorithm == 'MD5-SESS':
HA1 = hash_utf8('%s:%s:%s' % (HA1, nonce, cnonce))
if qop is None:
respdig = KD(HA1, "%s:%s" % (nonce, HA2))
elif qop == 'auth' or 'auth' in qop.split(','):
respdig = KD(HA1, noncebit)
else:
# XXX handle auth-int.
return None
self.last_nonce = nonce
# XXX should the partial digests be encoded too?
base = 'username="%s", realm="%s", nonce="%s", uri="%s", ' \
'response="%s"' % (self.username, realm, nonce, path, respdig)
if opaque:
base += ', opaque="%s"' % opaque
if algorithm:
base += ', algorithm="%s"' % algorithm
if entdig:
base += ', digest="%s"' % entdig
if qop:
base += ', qop="auth", nc=%s, cnonce="%s"' % (ncvalue, cnonce)
return 'Digest %s' % (base)
def handle_401(self, r, **kwargs):
"""Takes the given response and tries digest-auth, if needed."""
if self.pos is not None:
# Rewind the file position indicator of the body to where
# it was to resend the request.
r.request.body.seek(self.pos)
num_401_calls = getattr(self, 'num_401_calls', 1)
s_auth = r.headers.get('www-authenticate', '')
if 'digest' in s_auth.lower() and num_401_calls < 2:
setattr(self, 'num_401_calls', num_401_calls + 1)
pat = re.compile(r'digest ', flags=re.IGNORECASE)
self.chal = parse_dict_header(pat.sub('', s_auth, count=1))
# Consume content and release the original connection
# to allow our new request to reuse the same one.
r.content
r.raw.release_conn()
prep = r.request.copy()
extract_cookies_to_jar(prep._cookies, r.request, r.raw)
prep.prepare_cookies(prep._cookies)
prep.headers['Authorization'] = self.build_digest_header(
prep.method, prep.url)
_r = r.connection.send(prep, **kwargs)
_r.history.append(r)
_r.request = prep
return _r
setattr(self, 'num_401_calls', 1)
return r
def __call__(self, r):
# If we have a saved nonce, skip the 401
if self.last_nonce:
r.headers['Authorization'] = self.build_digest_header(r.method, r.url)
try:
self.pos = r.body.tell()
except AttributeError:
pass
r.register_hook('response', self.handle_401)
return r

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#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
certs.py
~~~~~~~~
This module returns the preferred default CA certificate bundle.
If you are packaging Requests, e.g., for a Linux distribution or a managed
environment, you can change the definition of where() to return a separately
packaged CA bundle.
"""
import os.path
def where():
"""Return the preferred certificate bundle."""
# vendored bundle inside Requests
return os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'cacert.pem')
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(where())

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
pythoncompat
"""
from .packages import chardet
import sys
# -------
# Pythons
# -------
# Syntax sugar.
_ver = sys.version_info
#: Python 2.x?
is_py2 = (_ver[0] == 2)
#: Python 3.x?
is_py3 = (_ver[0] == 3)
#: Python 3.0.x
is_py30 = (is_py3 and _ver[1] == 0)
#: Python 3.1.x
is_py31 = (is_py3 and _ver[1] == 1)
#: Python 3.2.x
is_py32 = (is_py3 and _ver[1] == 2)
#: Python 3.3.x
is_py33 = (is_py3 and _ver[1] == 3)
#: Python 3.4.x
is_py34 = (is_py3 and _ver[1] == 4)
#: Python 2.7.x
is_py27 = (is_py2 and _ver[1] == 7)
#: Python 2.6.x
is_py26 = (is_py2 and _ver[1] == 6)
#: Python 2.5.x
is_py25 = (is_py2 and _ver[1] == 5)
#: Python 2.4.x
is_py24 = (is_py2 and _ver[1] == 4) # I'm assuming this is not by choice.
# ---------
# Platforms
# ---------
# Syntax sugar.
_ver = sys.version.lower()
is_pypy = ('pypy' in _ver)
is_jython = ('jython' in _ver)
is_ironpython = ('iron' in _ver)
# Assume CPython, if nothing else.
is_cpython = not any((is_pypy, is_jython, is_ironpython))
# Windows-based system.
is_windows = 'win32' in str(sys.platform).lower()
# Standard Linux 2+ system.
is_linux = ('linux' in str(sys.platform).lower())
is_osx = ('darwin' in str(sys.platform).lower())
is_hpux = ('hpux' in str(sys.platform).lower()) # Complete guess.
is_solaris = ('solar==' in str(sys.platform).lower()) # Complete guess.
try:
import simplejson as json
except ImportError:
import json
# ---------
# Specifics
# ---------
if is_py2:
from urllib import quote, unquote, quote_plus, unquote_plus, urlencode, getproxies, proxy_bypass
from urlparse import urlparse, urlunparse, urljoin, urlsplit, urldefrag
from urllib2 import parse_http_list
import cookielib
from Cookie import Morsel
from StringIO import StringIO
from .packages.urllib3.packages.ordered_dict import OrderedDict
from httplib import IncompleteRead
builtin_str = str
bytes = str
str = unicode
basestring = basestring
numeric_types = (int, long, float)
elif is_py3:
from urllib.parse import urlparse, urlunparse, urljoin, urlsplit, urlencode, quote, unquote, quote_plus, unquote_plus, urldefrag
from urllib.request import parse_http_list, getproxies, proxy_bypass
from http import cookiejar as cookielib
from http.cookies import Morsel
from io import StringIO
from collections import OrderedDict
from http.client import IncompleteRead
builtin_str = str
str = str
bytes = bytes
basestring = (str, bytes)
numeric_types = (int, float)

View File

@@ -1,454 +0,0 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Compatibility code to be able to use `cookielib.CookieJar` with requests.
requests.utils imports from here, so be careful with imports.
"""
import time
import collections
from .compat import cookielib, urlparse, urlunparse, Morsel
try:
import threading
# grr, pyflakes: this fixes "redefinition of unused 'threading'"
threading
except ImportError:
import dummy_threading as threading
class MockRequest(object):
"""Wraps a `requests.Request` to mimic a `urllib2.Request`.
The code in `cookielib.CookieJar` expects this interface in order to correctly
manage cookie policies, i.e., determine whether a cookie can be set, given the
domains of the request and the cookie.
The original request object is read-only. The client is responsible for collecting
the new headers via `get_new_headers()` and interpreting them appropriately. You
probably want `get_cookie_header`, defined below.
"""
def __init__(self, request):
self._r = request
self._new_headers = {}
self.type = urlparse(self._r.url).scheme
def get_type(self):
return self.type
def get_host(self):
return urlparse(self._r.url).netloc
def get_origin_req_host(self):
return self.get_host()
def get_full_url(self):
# Only return the response's URL if the user hadn't set the Host
# header
if not self._r.headers.get('Host'):
return self._r.url
# If they did set it, retrieve it and reconstruct the expected domain
host = self._r.headers['Host']
parsed = urlparse(self._r.url)
# Reconstruct the URL as we expect it
return urlunparse([
parsed.scheme, host, parsed.path, parsed.params, parsed.query,
parsed.fragment
])
def is_unverifiable(self):
return True
def has_header(self, name):
return name in self._r.headers or name in self._new_headers
def get_header(self, name, default=None):
return self._r.headers.get(name, self._new_headers.get(name, default))
def add_header(self, key, val):
"""cookielib has no legitimate use for this method; add it back if you find one."""
raise NotImplementedError("Cookie headers should be added with add_unredirected_header()")
def add_unredirected_header(self, name, value):
self._new_headers[name] = value
def get_new_headers(self):
return self._new_headers
@property
def unverifiable(self):
return self.is_unverifiable()
@property
def origin_req_host(self):
return self.get_origin_req_host()
@property
def host(self):
return self.get_host()
class MockResponse(object):
"""Wraps a `httplib.HTTPMessage` to mimic a `urllib.addinfourl`.
...what? Basically, expose the parsed HTTP headers from the server response
the way `cookielib` expects to see them.
"""
def __init__(self, headers):
"""Make a MockResponse for `cookielib` to read.
:param headers: a httplib.HTTPMessage or analogous carrying the headers
"""
self._headers = headers
def info(self):
return self._headers
def getheaders(self, name):
self._headers.getheaders(name)
def extract_cookies_to_jar(jar, request, response):
"""Extract the cookies from the response into a CookieJar.
:param jar: cookielib.CookieJar (not necessarily a RequestsCookieJar)
:param request: our own requests.Request object
:param response: urllib3.HTTPResponse object
"""
if not (hasattr(response, '_original_response') and
response._original_response):
return
# the _original_response field is the wrapped httplib.HTTPResponse object,
req = MockRequest(request)
# pull out the HTTPMessage with the headers and put it in the mock:
res = MockResponse(response._original_response.msg)
jar.extract_cookies(res, req)
def get_cookie_header(jar, request):
"""Produce an appropriate Cookie header string to be sent with `request`, or None."""
r = MockRequest(request)
jar.add_cookie_header(r)
return r.get_new_headers().get('Cookie')
def remove_cookie_by_name(cookiejar, name, domain=None, path=None):
"""Unsets a cookie by name, by default over all domains and paths.
Wraps CookieJar.clear(), is O(n).
"""
clearables = []
for cookie in cookiejar:
if cookie.name == name:
if domain is None or domain == cookie.domain:
if path is None or path == cookie.path:
clearables.append((cookie.domain, cookie.path, cookie.name))
for domain, path, name in clearables:
cookiejar.clear(domain, path, name)
class CookieConflictError(RuntimeError):
"""There are two cookies that meet the criteria specified in the cookie jar.
Use .get and .set and include domain and path args in order to be more specific."""
class RequestsCookieJar(cookielib.CookieJar, collections.MutableMapping):
"""Compatibility class; is a cookielib.CookieJar, but exposes a dict interface.
This is the CookieJar we create by default for requests and sessions that
don't specify one, since some clients may expect response.cookies and
session.cookies to support dict operations.
Don't use the dict interface internally; it's just for compatibility with
with external client code. All `requests` code should work out of the box
with externally provided instances of CookieJar, e.g., LWPCookieJar and
FileCookieJar.
Caution: dictionary operations that are normally O(1) may be O(n).
Unlike a regular CookieJar, this class is pickleable.
"""
def get(self, name, default=None, domain=None, path=None):
"""Dict-like get() that also supports optional domain and path args in
order to resolve naming collisions from using one cookie jar over
multiple domains. Caution: operation is O(n), not O(1)."""
try:
return self._find_no_duplicates(name, domain, path)
except KeyError:
return default
def set(self, name, value, **kwargs):
"""Dict-like set() that also supports optional domain and path args in
order to resolve naming collisions from using one cookie jar over
multiple domains."""
# support client code that unsets cookies by assignment of a None value:
if value is None:
remove_cookie_by_name(self, name, domain=kwargs.get('domain'), path=kwargs.get('path'))
return
if isinstance(value, Morsel):
c = morsel_to_cookie(value)
else:
c = create_cookie(name, value, **kwargs)
self.set_cookie(c)
return c
def iterkeys(self):
"""Dict-like iterkeys() that returns an iterator of names of cookies from the jar.
See itervalues() and iteritems()."""
for cookie in iter(self):
yield cookie.name
def keys(self):
"""Dict-like keys() that returns a list of names of cookies from the jar.
See values() and items()."""
return list(self.iterkeys())
def itervalues(self):
"""Dict-like itervalues() that returns an iterator of values of cookies from the jar.
See iterkeys() and iteritems()."""
for cookie in iter(self):
yield cookie.value
def values(self):
"""Dict-like values() that returns a list of values of cookies from the jar.
See keys() and items()."""
return list(self.itervalues())
def iteritems(self):
"""Dict-like iteritems() that returns an iterator of name-value tuples from the jar.
See iterkeys() and itervalues()."""
for cookie in iter(self):
yield cookie.name, cookie.value
def items(self):
"""Dict-like items() that returns a list of name-value tuples from the jar.
See keys() and values(). Allows client-code to call "dict(RequestsCookieJar)
and get a vanilla python dict of key value pairs."""
return list(self.iteritems())
def list_domains(self):
"""Utility method to list all the domains in the jar."""
domains = []
for cookie in iter(self):
if cookie.domain not in domains:
domains.append(cookie.domain)
return domains
def list_paths(self):
"""Utility method to list all the paths in the jar."""
paths = []
for cookie in iter(self):
if cookie.path not in paths:
paths.append(cookie.path)
return paths
def multiple_domains(self):
"""Returns True if there are multiple domains in the jar.
Returns False otherwise."""
domains = []
for cookie in iter(self):
if cookie.domain is not None and cookie.domain in domains:
return True
domains.append(cookie.domain)
return False # there is only one domain in jar
def get_dict(self, domain=None, path=None):
"""Takes as an argument an optional domain and path and returns a plain old
Python dict of name-value pairs of cookies that meet the requirements."""
dictionary = {}
for cookie in iter(self):
if (domain is None or cookie.domain == domain) and (path is None
or cookie.path == path):
dictionary[cookie.name] = cookie.value
return dictionary
def __getitem__(self, name):
"""Dict-like __getitem__() for compatibility with client code. Throws exception
if there are more than one cookie with name. In that case, use the more
explicit get() method instead. Caution: operation is O(n), not O(1)."""
return self._find_no_duplicates(name)
def __setitem__(self, name, value):
"""Dict-like __setitem__ for compatibility with client code. Throws exception
if there is already a cookie of that name in the jar. In that case, use the more
explicit set() method instead."""
self.set(name, value)
def __delitem__(self, name):
"""Deletes a cookie given a name. Wraps cookielib.CookieJar's remove_cookie_by_name()."""
remove_cookie_by_name(self, name)
def set_cookie(self, cookie, *args, **kwargs):
if hasattr(cookie.value, 'startswith') and cookie.value.startswith('"') and cookie.value.endswith('"'):
cookie.value = cookie.value.replace('\\"', '')
return super(RequestsCookieJar, self).set_cookie(cookie, *args, **kwargs)
def update(self, other):
"""Updates this jar with cookies from another CookieJar or dict-like"""
if isinstance(other, cookielib.CookieJar):
for cookie in other:
self.set_cookie(cookie)
else:
super(RequestsCookieJar, self).update(other)
def _find(self, name, domain=None, path=None):
"""Requests uses this method internally to get cookie values. Takes as args name
and optional domain and path. Returns a cookie.value. If there are conflicting cookies,
_find arbitrarily chooses one. See _find_no_duplicates if you want an exception thrown
if there are conflicting cookies."""
for cookie in iter(self):
if cookie.name == name:
if domain is None or cookie.domain == domain:
if path is None or cookie.path == path:
return cookie.value
raise KeyError('name=%r, domain=%r, path=%r' % (name, domain, path))
def _find_no_duplicates(self, name, domain=None, path=None):
"""__get_item__ and get call _find_no_duplicates -- never used in Requests internally.
Takes as args name and optional domain and path. Returns a cookie.value.
Throws KeyError if cookie is not found and CookieConflictError if there are
multiple cookies that match name and optionally domain and path."""
toReturn = None
for cookie in iter(self):
if cookie.name == name:
if domain is None or cookie.domain == domain:
if path is None or cookie.path == path:
if toReturn is not None: # if there are multiple cookies that meet passed in criteria
raise CookieConflictError('There are multiple cookies with name, %r' % (name))
toReturn = cookie.value # we will eventually return this as long as no cookie conflict
if toReturn:
return toReturn
raise KeyError('name=%r, domain=%r, path=%r' % (name, domain, path))
def __getstate__(self):
"""Unlike a normal CookieJar, this class is pickleable."""
state = self.__dict__.copy()
# remove the unpickleable RLock object
state.pop('_cookies_lock')
return state
def __setstate__(self, state):
"""Unlike a normal CookieJar, this class is pickleable."""
self.__dict__.update(state)
if '_cookies_lock' not in self.__dict__:
self._cookies_lock = threading.RLock()
def copy(self):
"""Return a copy of this RequestsCookieJar."""
new_cj = RequestsCookieJar()
new_cj.update(self)
return new_cj
def create_cookie(name, value, **kwargs):
"""Make a cookie from underspecified parameters.
By default, the pair of `name` and `value` will be set for the domain ''
and sent on every request (this is sometimes called a "supercookie").
"""
result = dict(
version=0,
name=name,
value=value,
port=None,
domain='',
path='/',
secure=False,
expires=None,
discard=True,
comment=None,
comment_url=None,
rest={'HttpOnly': None},
rfc2109=False,)
badargs = set(kwargs) - set(result)
if badargs:
err = 'create_cookie() got unexpected keyword arguments: %s'
raise TypeError(err % list(badargs))
result.update(kwargs)
result['port_specified'] = bool(result['port'])
result['domain_specified'] = bool(result['domain'])
result['domain_initial_dot'] = result['domain'].startswith('.')
result['path_specified'] = bool(result['path'])
return cookielib.Cookie(**result)
def morsel_to_cookie(morsel):
"""Convert a Morsel object into a Cookie containing the one k/v pair."""
expires = None
if morsel['max-age']:
expires = time.time() + morsel['max-age']
elif morsel['expires']:
time_template = '%a, %d-%b-%Y %H:%M:%S GMT'
expires = time.mktime(
time.strptime(morsel['expires'], time_template)) - time.timezone
return create_cookie(
comment=morsel['comment'],
comment_url=bool(morsel['comment']),
discard=False,
domain=morsel['domain'],
expires=expires,
name=morsel.key,
path=morsel['path'],
port=None,
rest={'HttpOnly': morsel['httponly']},
rfc2109=False,
secure=bool(morsel['secure']),
value=morsel.value,
version=morsel['version'] or 0,
)
def cookiejar_from_dict(cookie_dict, cookiejar=None, overwrite=True):
"""Returns a CookieJar from a key/value dictionary.
:param cookie_dict: Dict of key/values to insert into CookieJar.
:param cookiejar: (optional) A cookiejar to add the cookies to.
:param overwrite: (optional) If False, will not replace cookies
already in the jar with new ones.
"""
if cookiejar is None:
cookiejar = RequestsCookieJar()
if cookie_dict is not None:
names_from_jar = [cookie.name for cookie in cookiejar]
for name in cookie_dict:
if overwrite or (name not in names_from_jar):
cookiejar.set_cookie(create_cookie(name, cookie_dict[name]))
return cookiejar
def merge_cookies(cookiejar, cookies):
"""Add cookies to cookiejar and returns a merged CookieJar.
:param cookiejar: CookieJar object to add the cookies to.
:param cookies: Dictionary or CookieJar object to be added.
"""
if not isinstance(cookiejar, cookielib.CookieJar):
raise ValueError('You can only merge into CookieJar')
if isinstance(cookies, dict):
cookiejar = cookiejar_from_dict(
cookies, cookiejar=cookiejar, overwrite=False)
elif isinstance(cookies, cookielib.CookieJar):
try:
cookiejar.update(cookies)
except AttributeError:
for cookie_in_jar in cookies:
cookiejar.set_cookie(cookie_in_jar)
return cookiejar

View File

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
requests.exceptions
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This module contains the set of Requests' exceptions.
"""
from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import HTTPError as BaseHTTPError
class RequestException(IOError):
"""There was an ambiguous exception that occurred while handling your
request."""
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Initialize RequestException with `request` and `response` objects.
"""
response = kwargs.pop('response', None)
self.response = response
self.request = kwargs.pop('request', None)
if (response is not None and not self.request and
hasattr(response, 'request')):
self.request = self.response.request
super(RequestException, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
class HTTPError(RequestException):
"""An HTTP error occurred."""
class ConnectionError(RequestException):
"""A Connection error occurred."""
class ProxyError(ConnectionError):
"""A proxy error occurred."""
class SSLError(ConnectionError):
"""An SSL error occurred."""
class Timeout(RequestException):
"""The request timed out."""
class URLRequired(RequestException):
"""A valid URL is required to make a request."""
class TooManyRedirects(RequestException):
"""Too many redirects."""
class MissingSchema(RequestException, ValueError):
"""The URL schema (e.g. http or https) is missing."""
class InvalidSchema(RequestException, ValueError):
"""See defaults.py for valid schemas."""
class InvalidURL(RequestException, ValueError):
""" The URL provided was somehow invalid. """
class ChunkedEncodingError(RequestException):
"""The server declared chunked encoding but sent an invalid chunk."""
class ContentDecodingError(RequestException, BaseHTTPError):
"""Failed to decode response content"""

View File

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
requests.hooks
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This module provides the capabilities for the Requests hooks system.
Available hooks:
``response``:
The response generated from a Request.
"""
HOOKS = ['response']
def default_hooks():
hooks = {}
for event in HOOKS:
hooks[event] = []
return hooks
# TODO: response is the only one
def dispatch_hook(key, hooks, hook_data, **kwargs):
"""Dispatches a hook dictionary on a given piece of data."""
hooks = hooks or dict()
if key in hooks:
hooks = hooks.get(key)
if hasattr(hooks, '__call__'):
hooks = [hooks]
for hook in hooks:
_hook_data = hook(hook_data, **kwargs)
if _hook_data is not None:
hook_data = _hook_data
return hook_data

View File

@@ -1,803 +0,0 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
requests.models
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This module contains the primary objects that power Requests.
"""
import collections
import datetime
from io import BytesIO, UnsupportedOperation
from .hooks import default_hooks
from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
from .auth import HTTPBasicAuth
from .cookies import cookiejar_from_dict, get_cookie_header
from .packages.urllib3.fields import RequestField
from .packages.urllib3.filepost import encode_multipart_formdata
from .packages.urllib3.util import parse_url
from .packages.urllib3.exceptions import DecodeError
from .exceptions import (
HTTPError, RequestException, MissingSchema, InvalidURL,
ChunkedEncodingError, ContentDecodingError)
from .utils import (
guess_filename, get_auth_from_url, requote_uri,
stream_decode_response_unicode, to_key_val_list, parse_header_links,
iter_slices, guess_json_utf, super_len, to_native_string)
from .compat import (
cookielib, urlunparse, urlsplit, urlencode, str, bytes, StringIO,
is_py2, chardet, json, builtin_str, basestring, IncompleteRead)
from .status_codes import codes
#: The set of HTTP status codes that indicate an automatically
#: processable redirect.
REDIRECT_STATI = (
codes.moved, # 301
codes.found, # 302
codes.other, # 303
codes.temporary_moved, # 307
)
DEFAULT_REDIRECT_LIMIT = 30
CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE = 10 * 1024
ITER_CHUNK_SIZE = 512
class RequestEncodingMixin(object):
@property
def path_url(self):
"""Build the path URL to use."""
url = []
p = urlsplit(self.url)
path = p.path
if not path:
path = '/'
url.append(path)
query = p.query
if query:
url.append('?')
url.append(query)
return ''.join(url)
@staticmethod
def _encode_params(data):
"""Encode parameters in a piece of data.
Will successfully encode parameters when passed as a dict or a list of
2-tuples. Order is retained if data is a list of 2-tuples but arbitrary
if parameters are supplied as a dict.
"""
if isinstance(data, (str, bytes)):
return data
elif hasattr(data, 'read'):
return data
elif hasattr(data, '__iter__'):
result = []
for k, vs in to_key_val_list(data):
if isinstance(vs, basestring) or not hasattr(vs, '__iter__'):
vs = [vs]
for v in vs:
if v is not None:
result.append(
(k.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(k, str) else k,
v.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(v, str) else v))
return urlencode(result, doseq=True)
else:
return data
@staticmethod
def _encode_files(files, data):
"""Build the body for a multipart/form-data request.
Will successfully encode files when passed as a dict or a list of
2-tuples. Order is retained if data is a list of 2-tuples but arbitrary
if parameters are supplied as a dict.
"""
if (not files):
raise ValueError("Files must be provided.")
elif isinstance(data, basestring):
raise ValueError("Data must not be a string.")
new_fields = []
fields = to_key_val_list(data or {})
files = to_key_val_list(files or {})
for field, val in fields:
if isinstance(val, basestring) or not hasattr(val, '__iter__'):
val = [val]
for v in val:
if v is not None:
# Don't call str() on bytestrings: in Py3 it all goes wrong.
if not isinstance(v, bytes):
v = str(v)
new_fields.append(
(field.decode('utf-8') if isinstance(field, bytes) else field,
v.encode('utf-8') if isinstance(v, str) else v))
for (k, v) in files:
# support for explicit filename
ft = None
fh = None
if isinstance(v, (tuple, list)):
if len(v) == 2:
fn, fp = v
elif len(v) == 3:
fn, fp, ft = v
else:
fn, fp, ft, fh = v
else:
fn = guess_filename(v) or k
fp = v
if isinstance(fp, str):
fp = StringIO(fp)
if isinstance(fp, bytes):
fp = BytesIO(fp)
rf = RequestField(name=k, data=fp.read(),
filename=fn, headers=fh)
rf.make_multipart(content_type=ft)
new_fields.append(rf)
body, content_type = encode_multipart_formdata(new_fields)
return body, content_type
class RequestHooksMixin(object):
def register_hook(self, event, hook):
"""Properly register a hook."""
if event not in self.hooks:
raise ValueError('Unsupported event specified, with event name "%s"' % (event))
if isinstance(hook, collections.Callable):
self.hooks[event].append(hook)
elif hasattr(hook, '__iter__'):
self.hooks[event].extend(h for h in hook if isinstance(h, collections.Callable))
def deregister_hook(self, event, hook):
"""Deregister a previously registered hook.
Returns True if the hook existed, False if not.
"""
try:
self.hooks[event].remove(hook)
return True
except ValueError:
return False
class Request(RequestHooksMixin):
"""A user-created :class:`Request <Request>` object.
Used to prepare a :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>`, which is sent to the server.
:param method: HTTP method to use.
:param url: URL to send.
:param headers: dictionary of headers to send.
:param files: dictionary of {filename: fileobject} files to multipart upload.
:param data: the body to attach the request. If a dictionary is provided, form-encoding will take place.
:param params: dictionary of URL parameters to append to the URL.
:param auth: Auth handler or (user, pass) tuple.
:param cookies: dictionary or CookieJar of cookies to attach to this request.
:param hooks: dictionary of callback hooks, for internal usage.
Usage::
>>> import requests
>>> req = requests.Request('GET', 'http://httpbin.org/get')
>>> req.prepare()
<PreparedRequest [GET]>
"""
def __init__(self,
method=None,
url=None,
headers=None,
files=None,
data=None,
params=None,
auth=None,
cookies=None,
hooks=None):
# Default empty dicts for dict params.
data = [] if data is None else data
files = [] if files is None else files
headers = {} if headers is None else headers
params = {} if params is None else params
hooks = {} if hooks is None else hooks
self.hooks = default_hooks()
for (k, v) in list(hooks.items()):
self.register_hook(event=k, hook=v)
self.method = method
self.url = url
self.headers = headers
self.files = files
self.data = data
self.params = params
self.auth = auth
self.cookies = cookies
def __repr__(self):
return '<Request [%s]>' % (self.method)
def prepare(self):
"""Constructs a :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` for transmission and returns it."""
p = PreparedRequest()
p.prepare(
method=self.method,
url=self.url,
headers=self.headers,
files=self.files,
data=self.data,
params=self.params,
auth=self.auth,
cookies=self.cookies,
hooks=self.hooks,
)
return p
class PreparedRequest(RequestEncodingMixin, RequestHooksMixin):
"""The fully mutable :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` object,
containing the exact bytes that will be sent to the server.
Generated from either a :class:`Request <Request>` object or manually.
Usage::
>>> import requests
>>> req = requests.Request('GET', 'http://httpbin.org/get')
>>> r = req.prepare()
<PreparedRequest [GET]>
>>> s = requests.Session()
>>> s.send(r)
<Response [200]>
"""
def __init__(self):
#: HTTP verb to send to the server.
self.method = None
#: HTTP URL to send the request to.
self.url = None
#: dictionary of HTTP headers.
self.headers = None
# The `CookieJar` used to create the Cookie header will be stored here
# after prepare_cookies is called
self._cookies = None
#: request body to send to the server.
self.body = None
#: dictionary of callback hooks, for internal usage.
self.hooks = default_hooks()
def prepare(self, method=None, url=None, headers=None, files=None,
data=None, params=None, auth=None, cookies=None, hooks=None):
"""Prepares the entire request with the given parameters."""
self.prepare_method(method)
self.prepare_url(url, params)
self.prepare_headers(headers)
self.prepare_cookies(cookies)
self.prepare_body(data, files)
self.prepare_auth(auth, url)
# Note that prepare_auth must be last to enable authentication schemes
# such as OAuth to work on a fully prepared request.
# This MUST go after prepare_auth. Authenticators could add a hook
self.prepare_hooks(hooks)
def __repr__(self):
return '<PreparedRequest [%s]>' % (self.method)
def copy(self):
p = PreparedRequest()
p.method = self.method
p.url = self.url
p.headers = self.headers.copy()
p._cookies = self._cookies.copy()
p.body = self.body
p.hooks = self.hooks
return p
def prepare_method(self, method):
"""Prepares the given HTTP method."""
self.method = method
if self.method is not None:
self.method = self.method.upper()
def prepare_url(self, url, params):
"""Prepares the given HTTP URL."""
#: Accept objects that have string representations.
try:
url = unicode(url)
except NameError:
# We're on Python 3.
url = str(url)
except UnicodeDecodeError:
pass
# Don't do any URL preparation for oddball schemes
if ':' in url and not url.lower().startswith('http'):
self.url = url
return
# Support for unicode domain names and paths.
scheme, auth, host, port, path, query, fragment = parse_url(url)
if not scheme:
raise MissingSchema("Invalid URL {0!r}: No schema supplied. "
"Perhaps you meant http://{0}?".format(url))
if not host:
raise InvalidURL("Invalid URL %r: No host supplied" % url)
# Only want to apply IDNA to the hostname
try:
host = host.encode('idna').decode('utf-8')
except UnicodeError:
raise InvalidURL('URL has an invalid label.')
# Carefully reconstruct the network location
netloc = auth or ''
if netloc:
netloc += '@'
netloc += host
if port:
netloc += ':' + str(port)
# Bare domains aren't valid URLs.
if not path:
path = '/'
if is_py2:
if isinstance(scheme, str):
scheme = scheme.encode('utf-8')
if isinstance(netloc, str):
netloc = netloc.encode('utf-8')
if isinstance(path, str):
path = path.encode('utf-8')
if isinstance(query, str):
query = query.encode('utf-8')
if isinstance(fragment, str):
fragment = fragment.encode('utf-8')
enc_params = self._encode_params(params)
if enc_params:
if query:
query = '%s&%s' % (query, enc_params)
else:
query = enc_params
url = requote_uri(urlunparse([scheme, netloc, path, None, query, fragment]))
self.url = url
def prepare_headers(self, headers):
"""Prepares the given HTTP headers."""
if headers:
self.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict((to_native_string(name), value) for name, value in headers.items())
else:
self.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict()
def prepare_body(self, data, files):
"""Prepares the given HTTP body data."""
# Check if file, fo, generator, iterator.
# If not, run through normal process.
# Nottin' on you.
body = None
content_type = None
length = None
is_stream = all([
hasattr(data, '__iter__'),
not isinstance(data, (basestring, list, tuple, dict))
])
try:
length = super_len(data)
except (TypeError, AttributeError, UnsupportedOperation):
length = None
if is_stream:
body = data
if files:
raise NotImplementedError('Streamed bodies and files are mutually exclusive.')
if length is not None:
self.headers['Content-Length'] = builtin_str(length)
else:
self.headers['Transfer-Encoding'] = 'chunked'
else:
# Multi-part file uploads.
if files:
(body, content_type) = self._encode_files(files, data)
else:
if data:
body = self._encode_params(data)
if isinstance(data, str) or isinstance(data, builtin_str) or hasattr(data, 'read'):
content_type = None
else:
content_type = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
self.prepare_content_length(body)
# Add content-type if it wasn't explicitly provided.
if (content_type) and (not 'content-type' in self.headers):
self.headers['Content-Type'] = content_type
self.body = body
def prepare_content_length(self, body):
if hasattr(body, 'seek') and hasattr(body, 'tell'):
body.seek(0, 2)
self.headers['Content-Length'] = builtin_str(body.tell())
body.seek(0, 0)
elif body is not None:
l = super_len(body)
if l:
self.headers['Content-Length'] = builtin_str(l)
elif self.method not in ('GET', 'HEAD'):
self.headers['Content-Length'] = '0'
def prepare_auth(self, auth, url=''):
"""Prepares the given HTTP auth data."""
# If no Auth is explicitly provided, extract it from the URL first.
if auth is None:
url_auth = get_auth_from_url(self.url)
auth = url_auth if any(url_auth) else None
if auth:
if isinstance(auth, tuple) and len(auth) == 2:
# special-case basic HTTP auth
auth = HTTPBasicAuth(*auth)
# Allow auth to make its changes.
r = auth(self)
# Update self to reflect the auth changes.
self.__dict__.update(r.__dict__)
# Recompute Content-Length
self.prepare_content_length(self.body)
def prepare_cookies(self, cookies):
"""Prepares the given HTTP cookie data."""
if isinstance(cookies, cookielib.CookieJar):
self._cookies = cookies
else:
self._cookies = cookiejar_from_dict(cookies)
cookie_header = get_cookie_header(self._cookies, self)
if cookie_header is not None:
self.headers['Cookie'] = cookie_header
def prepare_hooks(self, hooks):
"""Prepares the given hooks."""
for event in hooks:
self.register_hook(event, hooks[event])
class Response(object):
"""The :class:`Response <Response>` object, which contains a
server's response to an HTTP request.
"""
__attrs__ = [
'_content',
'status_code',
'headers',
'url',
'history',
'encoding',
'reason',
'cookies',
'elapsed',
'request',
]
def __init__(self):
super(Response, self).__init__()
self._content = False
self._content_consumed = False
#: Integer Code of responded HTTP Status, e.g. 404 or 200.
self.status_code = None
#: Case-insensitive Dictionary of Response Headers.
#: For example, ``headers['content-encoding']`` will return the
#: value of a ``'Content-Encoding'`` response header.
self.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict()
#: File-like object representation of response (for advanced usage).
#: Use of ``raw`` requires that ``stream=True`` be set on the request.
# This requirement does not apply for use internally to Requests.
self.raw = None
#: Final URL location of Response.
self.url = None
#: Encoding to decode with when accessing r.text.
self.encoding = None
#: A list of :class:`Response <Response>` objects from
#: the history of the Request. Any redirect responses will end
#: up here. The list is sorted from the oldest to the most recent request.
self.history = []
#: Textual reason of responded HTTP Status, e.g. "Not Found" or "OK".
self.reason = None
#: A CookieJar of Cookies the server sent back.
self.cookies = cookiejar_from_dict({})
#: The amount of time elapsed between sending the request
#: and the arrival of the response (as a timedelta)
self.elapsed = datetime.timedelta(0)
def __getstate__(self):
# Consume everything; accessing the content attribute makes
# sure the content has been fully read.
if not self._content_consumed:
self.content
return dict(
(attr, getattr(self, attr, None))
for attr in self.__attrs__
)
def __setstate__(self, state):
for name, value in state.items():
setattr(self, name, value)
# pickled objects do not have .raw
setattr(self, '_content_consumed', True)
setattr(self, 'raw', None)
def __repr__(self):
return '<Response [%s]>' % (self.status_code)
def __bool__(self):
"""Returns true if :attr:`status_code` is 'OK'."""
return self.ok
def __nonzero__(self):
"""Returns true if :attr:`status_code` is 'OK'."""
return self.ok
def __iter__(self):
"""Allows you to use a response as an iterator."""
return self.iter_content(128)
@property
def ok(self):
try:
self.raise_for_status()
except RequestException:
return False
return True
@property
def is_redirect(self):
"""True if this Response is a well-formed HTTP redirect that could have
been processed automatically (by :meth:`Session.resolve_redirects`).
"""
return ('location' in self.headers and self.status_code in REDIRECT_STATI)
@property
def apparent_encoding(self):
"""The apparent encoding, provided by the chardet library"""
return chardet.detect(self.content)['encoding']
def iter_content(self, chunk_size=1, decode_unicode=False):
"""Iterates over the response data. When stream=True is set on the
request, this avoids reading the content at once into memory for
large responses. The chunk size is the number of bytes it should
read into memory. This is not necessarily the length of each item
returned as decoding can take place.
If decode_unicode is True, content will be decoded using the best
available encoding based on the response.
"""
def generate():
try:
# Special case for urllib3.
try:
for chunk in self.raw.stream(chunk_size, decode_content=True):
yield chunk
except IncompleteRead as e:
raise ChunkedEncodingError(e)
except DecodeError as e:
raise ContentDecodingError(e)
except AttributeError:
# Standard file-like object.
while True:
chunk = self.raw.read(chunk_size)
if not chunk:
break
yield chunk
self._content_consumed = True
# simulate reading small chunks of the content
reused_chunks = iter_slices(self._content, chunk_size)
stream_chunks = generate()
chunks = reused_chunks if self._content_consumed else stream_chunks
if decode_unicode:
chunks = stream_decode_response_unicode(chunks, self)
return chunks
def iter_lines(self, chunk_size=ITER_CHUNK_SIZE, decode_unicode=None):
"""Iterates over the response data, one line at a time. When
stream=True is set on the request, this avoids reading the
content at once into memory for large responses.
"""
pending = None
for chunk in self.iter_content(chunk_size=chunk_size, decode_unicode=decode_unicode):
if pending is not None:
chunk = pending + chunk
lines = chunk.splitlines()
if lines and lines[-1] and chunk and lines[-1][-1] == chunk[-1]:
pending = lines.pop()
else:
pending = None
for line in lines:
yield line
if pending is not None:
yield pending
@property
def content(self):
"""Content of the response, in bytes."""
if self._content is False:
# Read the contents.
try:
if self._content_consumed:
raise RuntimeError(
'The content for this response was already consumed')
if self.status_code == 0:
self._content = None
else:
self._content = bytes().join(self.iter_content(CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE)) or bytes()
except AttributeError:
self._content = None
self._content_consumed = True
# don't need to release the connection; that's been handled by urllib3
# since we exhausted the data.
return self._content
@property
def text(self):
"""Content of the response, in unicode.
If Response.encoding is None, encoding will be guessed using
``chardet``.
The encoding of the response content is determined based solely on HTTP
headers, following RFC 2616 to the letter. If you can take advantage of
non-HTTP knowledge to make a better guess at the encoding, you should
set ``r.encoding`` appropriately before accessing this property.
"""
# Try charset from content-type
content = None
encoding = self.encoding
if not self.content:
return str('')
# Fallback to auto-detected encoding.
if self.encoding is None:
encoding = self.apparent_encoding
# Decode unicode from given encoding.
try:
content = str(self.content, encoding, errors='replace')
except (LookupError, TypeError):
# A LookupError is raised if the encoding was not found which could
# indicate a misspelling or similar mistake.
#
# A TypeError can be raised if encoding is None
#
# So we try blindly encoding.
content = str(self.content, errors='replace')
return content
def json(self, **kwargs):
"""Returns the json-encoded content of a response, if any.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``json.loads`` takes.
"""
if not self.encoding and len(self.content) > 3:
# No encoding set. JSON RFC 4627 section 3 states we should expect
# UTF-8, -16 or -32. Detect which one to use; If the detection or
# decoding fails, fall back to `self.text` (using chardet to make
# a best guess).
encoding = guess_json_utf(self.content)
if encoding is not None:
try:
return json.loads(self.content.decode(encoding), **kwargs)
except UnicodeDecodeError:
# Wrong UTF codec detected; usually because it's not UTF-8
# but some other 8-bit codec. This is an RFC violation,
# and the server didn't bother to tell us what codec *was*
# used.
pass
return json.loads(self.text, **kwargs)
@property
def links(self):
"""Returns the parsed header links of the response, if any."""
header = self.headers.get('link')
# l = MultiDict()
l = {}
if header:
links = parse_header_links(header)
for link in links:
key = link.get('rel') or link.get('url')
l[key] = link
return l
def raise_for_status(self):
"""Raises stored :class:`HTTPError`, if one occurred."""
http_error_msg = ''
if 400 <= self.status_code < 500:
http_error_msg = '%s Client Error: %s' % (self.status_code, self.reason)
elif 500 <= self.status_code < 600:
http_error_msg = '%s Server Error: %s' % (self.status_code, self.reason)
if http_error_msg:
raise HTTPError(http_error_msg, response=self)
def close(self):
"""Releases the connection back to the pool. Once this method has been
called the underlying ``raw`` object must not be accessed again.
*Note: Should not normally need to be called explicitly.*
"""
return self.raw.release_conn()

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@@ -1,637 +0,0 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
requests.session
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This module provides a Session object to manage and persist settings across
requests (cookies, auth, proxies).
"""
import os
from collections import Mapping
from datetime import datetime
from .auth import _basic_auth_str
from .compat import cookielib, OrderedDict, urljoin, urlparse, builtin_str
from .cookies import (
cookiejar_from_dict, extract_cookies_to_jar, RequestsCookieJar, merge_cookies)
from .models import Request, PreparedRequest, DEFAULT_REDIRECT_LIMIT
from .hooks import default_hooks, dispatch_hook
from .utils import to_key_val_list, default_headers, to_native_string
from .exceptions import (
TooManyRedirects, InvalidSchema, ChunkedEncodingError, ContentDecodingError)
from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
from .adapters import HTTPAdapter
from .utils import (
requote_uri, get_environ_proxies, get_netrc_auth, should_bypass_proxies,
get_auth_from_url
)
from .status_codes import codes
# formerly defined here, reexposed here for backward compatibility
from .models import REDIRECT_STATI
def merge_setting(request_setting, session_setting, dict_class=OrderedDict):
"""
Determines appropriate setting for a given request, taking into account the
explicit setting on that request, and the setting in the session. If a
setting is a dictionary, they will be merged together using `dict_class`
"""
if session_setting is None:
return request_setting
if request_setting is None:
return session_setting
# Bypass if not a dictionary (e.g. verify)
if not (
isinstance(session_setting, Mapping) and
isinstance(request_setting, Mapping)
):
return request_setting
merged_setting = dict_class(to_key_val_list(session_setting))
merged_setting.update(to_key_val_list(request_setting))
# Remove keys that are set to None.
for (k, v) in request_setting.items():
if v is None:
del merged_setting[k]
merged_setting = dict((k, v) for (k, v) in merged_setting.items() if v is not None)
return merged_setting
def merge_hooks(request_hooks, session_hooks, dict_class=OrderedDict):
"""
Properly merges both requests and session hooks.
This is necessary because when request_hooks == {'response': []}, the
merge breaks Session hooks entirely.
"""
if session_hooks is None or session_hooks.get('response') == []:
return request_hooks
if request_hooks is None or request_hooks.get('response') == []:
return session_hooks
return merge_setting(request_hooks, session_hooks, dict_class)
class SessionRedirectMixin(object):
def resolve_redirects(self, resp, req, stream=False, timeout=None,
verify=True, cert=None, proxies=None):
"""Receives a Response. Returns a generator of Responses."""
i = 0
while resp.is_redirect:
prepared_request = req.copy()
try:
resp.content # Consume socket so it can be released
except (ChunkedEncodingError, ContentDecodingError, RuntimeError):
resp.raw.read(decode_content=False)
if i >= self.max_redirects:
raise TooManyRedirects('Exceeded %s redirects.' % self.max_redirects)
# Release the connection back into the pool.
resp.close()
url = resp.headers['location']
method = req.method
# Handle redirection without scheme (see: RFC 1808 Section 4)
if url.startswith('//'):
parsed_rurl = urlparse(resp.url)
url = '%s:%s' % (parsed_rurl.scheme, url)
# The scheme should be lower case...
parsed = urlparse(url)
url = parsed.geturl()
# Facilitate non-RFC2616-compliant 'location' headers
# (e.g. '/path/to/resource' instead of 'http://domain.tld/path/to/resource')
# Compliant with RFC3986, we percent encode the url.
if not urlparse(url).netloc:
url = urljoin(resp.url, requote_uri(url))
else:
url = requote_uri(url)
prepared_request.url = to_native_string(url)
# http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.4
if (resp.status_code == codes.see_other and
method != 'HEAD'):
method = 'GET'
# Do what the browsers do, despite standards...
# First, turn 302s into GETs.
if resp.status_code == codes.found and method != 'HEAD':
method = 'GET'
# Second, if a POST is responded to with a 301, turn it into a GET.
# This bizarre behaviour is explained in Issue 1704.
if resp.status_code == codes.moved and method == 'POST':
method = 'GET'
prepared_request.method = method
# https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/issues/1084
if resp.status_code not in (codes.temporary, codes.resume):
if 'Content-Length' in prepared_request.headers:
del prepared_request.headers['Content-Length']
prepared_request.body = None
headers = prepared_request.headers
try:
del headers['Cookie']
except KeyError:
pass
extract_cookies_to_jar(prepared_request._cookies, prepared_request, resp.raw)
prepared_request._cookies.update(self.cookies)
prepared_request.prepare_cookies(prepared_request._cookies)
# Rebuild auth and proxy information.
proxies = self.rebuild_proxies(prepared_request, proxies)
self.rebuild_auth(prepared_request, resp)
# Override the original request.
req = prepared_request
resp = self.send(
req,
stream=stream,
timeout=timeout,
verify=verify,
cert=cert,
proxies=proxies,
allow_redirects=False,
)
extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, prepared_request, resp.raw)
i += 1
yield resp
def rebuild_auth(self, prepared_request, response):
"""
When being redirected we may want to strip authentication from the
request to avoid leaking credentials. This method intelligently removes
and reapplies authentication where possible to avoid credential loss.
"""
headers = prepared_request.headers
url = prepared_request.url
if 'Authorization' in headers:
# If we get redirected to a new host, we should strip out any
# authentication headers.
original_parsed = urlparse(response.request.url)
redirect_parsed = urlparse(url)
if (original_parsed.hostname != redirect_parsed.hostname):
del headers['Authorization']
# .netrc might have more auth for us on our new host.
new_auth = get_netrc_auth(url) if self.trust_env else None
if new_auth is not None:
prepared_request.prepare_auth(new_auth)
return
def rebuild_proxies(self, prepared_request, proxies):
"""
This method re-evaluates the proxy configuration by considering the
environment variables. If we are redirected to a URL covered by
NO_PROXY, we strip the proxy configuration. Otherwise, we set missing
proxy keys for this URL (in case they were stripped by a previous
redirect).
This method also replaces the Proxy-Authorization header where
necessary.
"""
headers = prepared_request.headers
url = prepared_request.url
scheme = urlparse(url).scheme
new_proxies = proxies.copy() if proxies is not None else {}
if self.trust_env and not should_bypass_proxies(url):
environ_proxies = get_environ_proxies(url)
proxy = environ_proxies.get(scheme)
if proxy:
new_proxies.setdefault(scheme, environ_proxies[scheme])
if 'Proxy-Authorization' in headers:
del headers['Proxy-Authorization']
try:
username, password = get_auth_from_url(new_proxies[scheme])
except KeyError:
username, password = None, None
if username and password:
headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = _basic_auth_str(username, password)
return new_proxies
class Session(SessionRedirectMixin):
"""A Requests session.
Provides cookie persistence, connection-pooling, and configuration.
Basic Usage::
>>> import requests
>>> s = requests.Session()
>>> s.get('http://httpbin.org/get')
200
"""
__attrs__ = [
'headers', 'cookies', 'auth', 'timeout', 'proxies', 'hooks',
'params', 'verify', 'cert', 'prefetch', 'adapters', 'stream',
'trust_env', 'max_redirects']
def __init__(self):
#: A case-insensitive dictionary of headers to be sent on each
#: :class:`Request <Request>` sent from this
#: :class:`Session <Session>`.
self.headers = default_headers()
#: Default Authentication tuple or object to attach to
#: :class:`Request <Request>`.
self.auth = None
#: Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy (e.g.
#: {'http': 'foo.bar:3128'}) to be used on each
#: :class:`Request <Request>`.
self.proxies = {}
#: Event-handling hooks.
self.hooks = default_hooks()
#: Dictionary of querystring data to attach to each
#: :class:`Request <Request>`. The dictionary values may be lists for
#: representing multivalued query parameters.
self.params = {}
#: Stream response content default.
self.stream = False
#: SSL Verification default.
self.verify = True
#: SSL certificate default.
self.cert = None
#: Maximum number of redirects allowed. If the request exceeds this
#: limit, a :class:`TooManyRedirects` exception is raised.
self.max_redirects = DEFAULT_REDIRECT_LIMIT
#: Should we trust the environment?
self.trust_env = True
#: A CookieJar containing all currently outstanding cookies set on this
#: session. By default it is a
#: :class:`RequestsCookieJar <requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar>`, but
#: may be any other ``cookielib.CookieJar`` compatible object.
self.cookies = cookiejar_from_dict({})
# Default connection adapters.
self.adapters = OrderedDict()
self.mount('https://', HTTPAdapter())
self.mount('http://', HTTPAdapter())
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, *args):
self.close()
def prepare_request(self, request):
"""Constructs a :class:`PreparedRequest <PreparedRequest>` for
transmission and returns it. The :class:`PreparedRequest` has settings
merged from the :class:`Request <Request>` instance and those of the
:class:`Session`.
:param request: :class:`Request` instance to prepare with this
session's settings.
"""
cookies = request.cookies or {}
# Bootstrap CookieJar.
if not isinstance(cookies, cookielib.CookieJar):
cookies = cookiejar_from_dict(cookies)
# Merge with session cookies
merged_cookies = merge_cookies(
merge_cookies(RequestsCookieJar(), self.cookies), cookies)
# Set environment's basic authentication if not explicitly set.
auth = request.auth
if self.trust_env and not auth and not self.auth:
auth = get_netrc_auth(request.url)
p = PreparedRequest()
p.prepare(
method=request.method.upper(),
url=request.url,
files=request.files,
data=request.data,
headers=merge_setting(request.headers, self.headers, dict_class=CaseInsensitiveDict),
params=merge_setting(request.params, self.params),
auth=merge_setting(auth, self.auth),
cookies=merged_cookies,
hooks=merge_hooks(request.hooks, self.hooks),
)
return p
def request(self, method, url,
params=None,
data=None,
headers=None,
cookies=None,
files=None,
auth=None,
timeout=None,
allow_redirects=True,
proxies=None,
hooks=None,
stream=None,
verify=None,
cert=None):
"""Constructs a :class:`Request <Request>`, prepares it and sends it.
Returns :class:`Response <Response>` object.
:param method: method for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param params: (optional) Dictionary or bytes to be sent in the query
string for the :class:`Request`.
:param data: (optional) Dictionary or bytes to send in the body of the
:class:`Request`.
:param headers: (optional) Dictionary of HTTP Headers to send with the
:class:`Request`.
:param cookies: (optional) Dict or CookieJar object to send with the
:class:`Request`.
:param files: (optional) Dictionary of 'filename': file-like-objects
for multipart encoding upload.
:param auth: (optional) Auth tuple or callable to enable
Basic/Digest/Custom HTTP Auth.
:param timeout: (optional) Float describing the timeout of the
request in seconds.
:param allow_redirects: (optional) Boolean. Set to True by default.
:param proxies: (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of
the proxy.
:param stream: (optional) whether to immediately download the response
content. Defaults to ``False``.
:param verify: (optional) if ``True``, the SSL cert will be verified.
A CA_BUNDLE path can also be provided.
:param cert: (optional) if String, path to ssl client cert file (.pem).
If Tuple, ('cert', 'key') pair.
"""
method = builtin_str(method)
# Create the Request.
req = Request(
method = method.upper(),
url = url,
headers = headers,
files = files,
data = data or {},
params = params or {},
auth = auth,
cookies = cookies,
hooks = hooks,
)
prep = self.prepare_request(req)
proxies = proxies or {}
# Gather clues from the surrounding environment.
if self.trust_env:
# Set environment's proxies.
env_proxies = get_environ_proxies(url) or {}
for (k, v) in env_proxies.items():
proxies.setdefault(k, v)
# Look for configuration.
if not verify and verify is not False:
verify = os.environ.get('REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE')
# Curl compatibility.
if not verify and verify is not False:
verify = os.environ.get('CURL_CA_BUNDLE')
# Merge all the kwargs.
proxies = merge_setting(proxies, self.proxies)
stream = merge_setting(stream, self.stream)
verify = merge_setting(verify, self.verify)
cert = merge_setting(cert, self.cert)
# Send the request.
send_kwargs = {
'stream': stream,
'timeout': timeout,
'verify': verify,
'cert': cert,
'proxies': proxies,
'allow_redirects': allow_redirects,
}
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
return resp
def get(self, url, **kwargs):
"""Sends a GET request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
def options(self, url, **kwargs):
"""Sends a OPTIONS request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
return self.request('OPTIONS', url, **kwargs)
def head(self, url, **kwargs):
"""Sends a HEAD request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', False)
return self.request('HEAD', url, **kwargs)
def post(self, url, data=None, **kwargs):
"""Sends a POST request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param data: (optional) Dictionary, bytes, or file-like object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
return self.request('POST', url, data=data, **kwargs)
def put(self, url, data=None, **kwargs):
"""Sends a PUT request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param data: (optional) Dictionary, bytes, or file-like object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
return self.request('PUT', url, data=data, **kwargs)
def patch(self, url, data=None, **kwargs):
"""Sends a PATCH request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param data: (optional) Dictionary, bytes, or file-like object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
return self.request('PATCH', url, data=data, **kwargs)
def delete(self, url, **kwargs):
"""Sends a DELETE request. Returns :class:`Response` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.
"""
return self.request('DELETE', url, **kwargs)
def send(self, request, **kwargs):
"""Send a given PreparedRequest."""
# Set defaults that the hooks can utilize to ensure they always have
# the correct parameters to reproduce the previous request.
kwargs.setdefault('stream', self.stream)
kwargs.setdefault('verify', self.verify)
kwargs.setdefault('cert', self.cert)
kwargs.setdefault('proxies', self.proxies)
# It's possible that users might accidentally send a Request object.
# Guard against that specific failure case.
if not isinstance(request, PreparedRequest):
raise ValueError('You can only send PreparedRequests.')
# Set up variables needed for resolve_redirects and dispatching of hooks
allow_redirects = kwargs.pop('allow_redirects', True)
stream = kwargs.get('stream')
timeout = kwargs.get('timeout')
verify = kwargs.get('verify')
cert = kwargs.get('cert')
proxies = kwargs.get('proxies')
hooks = request.hooks
# Get the appropriate adapter to use
adapter = self.get_adapter(url=request.url)
# Start time (approximately) of the request
start = datetime.utcnow()
# Send the request
r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
# Total elapsed time of the request (approximately)
r.elapsed = datetime.utcnow() - start
# Response manipulation hooks
r = dispatch_hook('response', hooks, r, **kwargs)
# Persist cookies
if r.history:
# If the hooks create history then we want those cookies too
for resp in r.history:
extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, resp.request, resp.raw)
extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, request, r.raw)
# Redirect resolving generator.
gen = self.resolve_redirects(r, request,
stream=stream,
timeout=timeout,
verify=verify,
cert=cert,
proxies=proxies)
# Resolve redirects if allowed.
history = [resp for resp in gen] if allow_redirects else []
# Shuffle things around if there's history.
if history:
# Insert the first (original) request at the start
history.insert(0, r)
# Get the last request made
r = history.pop()
r.history = history
if not stream:
r.content
return r
def get_adapter(self, url):
"""Returns the appropriate connnection adapter for the given URL."""
for (prefix, adapter) in self.adapters.items():
if url.lower().startswith(prefix):
return adapter
# Nothing matches :-/
raise InvalidSchema("No connection adapters were found for '%s'" % url)
def close(self):
"""Closes all adapters and as such the session"""
for v in self.adapters.values():
v.close()
def mount(self, prefix, adapter):
"""Registers a connection adapter to a prefix.
Adapters are sorted in descending order by key length."""
self.adapters[prefix] = adapter
keys_to_move = [k for k in self.adapters if len(k) < len(prefix)]
for key in keys_to_move:
self.adapters[key] = self.adapters.pop(key)
def __getstate__(self):
return dict((attr, getattr(self, attr, None)) for attr in self.__attrs__)
def __setstate__(self, state):
for attr, value in state.items():
setattr(self, attr, value)
def session():
"""Returns a :class:`Session` for context-management."""
return Session()

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@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from .structures import LookupDict
_codes = {
# Informational.
100: ('continue',),
101: ('switching_protocols',),
102: ('processing',),
103: ('checkpoint',),
122: ('uri_too_long', 'request_uri_too_long'),
200: ('ok', 'okay', 'all_ok', 'all_okay', 'all_good', '\\o/', ''),
201: ('created',),
202: ('accepted',),
203: ('non_authoritative_info', 'non_authoritative_information'),
204: ('no_content',),
205: ('reset_content', 'reset'),
206: ('partial_content', 'partial'),
207: ('multi_status', 'multiple_status', 'multi_stati', 'multiple_stati'),
208: ('already_reported',),
226: ('im_used',),
# Redirection.
300: ('multiple_choices',),
301: ('moved_permanently', 'moved', '\\o-'),
302: ('found',),
303: ('see_other', 'other'),
304: ('not_modified',),
305: ('use_proxy',),
306: ('switch_proxy',),
307: ('temporary_redirect', 'temporary_moved', 'temporary'),
308: ('resume_incomplete', 'resume'),
# Client Error.
400: ('bad_request', 'bad'),
401: ('unauthorized',),
402: ('payment_required', 'payment'),
403: ('forbidden',),
404: ('not_found', '-o-'),
405: ('method_not_allowed', 'not_allowed'),
406: ('not_acceptable',),
407: ('proxy_authentication_required', 'proxy_auth', 'proxy_authentication'),
408: ('request_timeout', 'timeout'),
409: ('conflict',),
410: ('gone',),
411: ('length_required',),
412: ('precondition_failed', 'precondition'),
413: ('request_entity_too_large',),
414: ('request_uri_too_large',),
415: ('unsupported_media_type', 'unsupported_media', 'media_type'),
416: ('requested_range_not_satisfiable', 'requested_range', 'range_not_satisfiable'),
417: ('expectation_failed',),
418: ('im_a_teapot', 'teapot', 'i_am_a_teapot'),
422: ('unprocessable_entity', 'unprocessable'),
423: ('locked',),
424: ('failed_dependency', 'dependency'),
425: ('unordered_collection', 'unordered'),
426: ('upgrade_required', 'upgrade'),
428: ('precondition_required', 'precondition'),
429: ('too_many_requests', 'too_many'),
431: ('header_fields_too_large', 'fields_too_large'),
444: ('no_response', 'none'),
449: ('retry_with', 'retry'),
450: ('blocked_by_windows_parental_controls', 'parental_controls'),
451: ('unavailable_for_legal_reasons', 'legal_reasons'),
499: ('client_closed_request',),
# Server Error.
500: ('internal_server_error', 'server_error', '/o\\', ''),
501: ('not_implemented',),
502: ('bad_gateway',),
503: ('service_unavailable', 'unavailable'),
504: ('gateway_timeout',),
505: ('http_version_not_supported', 'http_version'),
506: ('variant_also_negotiates',),
507: ('insufficient_storage',),
509: ('bandwidth_limit_exceeded', 'bandwidth'),
510: ('not_extended',),
}
codes = LookupDict(name='status_codes')
for (code, titles) in list(_codes.items()):
for title in titles:
setattr(codes, title, code)
if not title.startswith('\\'):
setattr(codes, title.upper(), code)

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@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
requests.structures
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Data structures that power Requests.
"""
import os
import collections
from itertools import islice
class IteratorProxy(object):
"""docstring for IteratorProxy"""
def __init__(self, i):
self.i = i
# self.i = chain.from_iterable(i)
def __iter__(self):
return self.i
def __len__(self):
if hasattr(self.i, '__len__'):
return len(self.i)
if hasattr(self.i, 'len'):
return self.i.len
if hasattr(self.i, 'fileno'):
return os.fstat(self.i.fileno()).st_size
def read(self, n):
return "".join(islice(self.i, None, n))
class CaseInsensitiveDict(collections.MutableMapping):
"""
A case-insensitive ``dict``-like object.
Implements all methods and operations of
``collections.MutableMapping`` as well as dict's ``copy``. Also
provides ``lower_items``.
All keys are expected to be strings. The structure remembers the
case of the last key to be set, and ``iter(instance)``,
``keys()``, ``items()``, ``iterkeys()``, and ``iteritems()``
will contain case-sensitive keys. However, querying and contains
testing is case insensitive:
cid = CaseInsensitiveDict()
cid['Accept'] = 'application/json'
cid['aCCEPT'] == 'application/json' # True
list(cid) == ['Accept'] # True
For example, ``headers['content-encoding']`` will return the
value of a ``'Content-Encoding'`` response header, regardless
of how the header name was originally stored.
If the constructor, ``.update``, or equality comparison
operations are given keys that have equal ``.lower()``s, the
behavior is undefined.
"""
def __init__(self, data=None, **kwargs):
self._store = dict()
if data is None:
data = {}
self.update(data, **kwargs)
def __setitem__(self, key, value):
# Use the lowercased key for lookups, but store the actual
# key alongside the value.
self._store[key.lower()] = (key, value)
def __getitem__(self, key):
return self._store[key.lower()][1]
def __delitem__(self, key):
del self._store[key.lower()]
def __iter__(self):
return (casedkey for casedkey, mappedvalue in self._store.values())
def __len__(self):
return len(self._store)
def lower_items(self):
"""Like iteritems(), but with all lowercase keys."""
return (
(lowerkey, keyval[1])
for (lowerkey, keyval)
in self._store.items()
)
def __eq__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, collections.Mapping):
other = CaseInsensitiveDict(other)
else:
return NotImplemented
# Compare insensitively
return dict(self.lower_items()) == dict(other.lower_items())
# Copy is required
def copy(self):
return CaseInsensitiveDict(self._store.values())
def __repr__(self):
return str(dict(self.items()))
class LookupDict(dict):
"""Dictionary lookup object."""
def __init__(self, name=None):
self.name = name
super(LookupDict, self).__init__()
def __repr__(self):
return '<lookup \'%s\'>' % (self.name)
def __getitem__(self, key):
# We allow fall-through here, so values default to None
return self.__dict__.get(key, None)
def get(self, key, default=None):
return self.__dict__.get(key, default)

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@@ -1,673 +0,0 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
requests.utils
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This module provides utility functions that are used within Requests
that are also useful for external consumption.
"""
import cgi
import codecs
import collections
import io
import os
import platform
import re
import sys
import socket
import struct
from . import __version__
from . import certs
from .compat import parse_http_list as _parse_list_header
from .compat import (quote, urlparse, bytes, str, OrderedDict, unquote, is_py2,
builtin_str, getproxies, proxy_bypass, urlunparse)
from .cookies import RequestsCookieJar, cookiejar_from_dict
from .structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
from .exceptions import InvalidURL
_hush_pyflakes = (RequestsCookieJar,)
NETRC_FILES = ('.netrc', '_netrc')
DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH = certs.where()
def dict_to_sequence(d):
"""Returns an internal sequence dictionary update."""
if hasattr(d, 'items'):
d = d.items()
return d
def super_len(o):
if hasattr(o, '__len__'):
return len(o)
if hasattr(o, 'len'):
return o.len
if hasattr(o, 'fileno'):
try:
fileno = o.fileno()
except io.UnsupportedOperation:
pass
else:
return os.fstat(fileno).st_size
if hasattr(o, 'getvalue'):
# e.g. BytesIO, cStringIO.StringIO
return len(o.getvalue())
def get_netrc_auth(url):
"""Returns the Requests tuple auth for a given url from netrc."""
try:
from netrc import netrc, NetrcParseError
netrc_path = None
for f in NETRC_FILES:
try:
loc = os.path.expanduser('~/{0}'.format(f))
except KeyError:
# os.path.expanduser can fail when $HOME is undefined and
# getpwuid fails. See http://bugs.python.org/issue20164 &
# https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/issues/1846
return
if os.path.exists(loc):
netrc_path = loc
break
# Abort early if there isn't one.
if netrc_path is None:
return
ri = urlparse(url)
# Strip port numbers from netloc
host = ri.netloc.split(':')[0]
try:
_netrc = netrc(netrc_path).authenticators(host)
if _netrc:
# Return with login / password
login_i = (0 if _netrc[0] else 1)
return (_netrc[login_i], _netrc[2])
except (NetrcParseError, IOError):
# If there was a parsing error or a permissions issue reading the file,
# we'll just skip netrc auth
pass
# AppEngine hackiness.
except (ImportError, AttributeError):
pass
def guess_filename(obj):
"""Tries to guess the filename of the given object."""
name = getattr(obj, 'name', None)
if name and name[0] != '<' and name[-1] != '>':
return os.path.basename(name)
def from_key_val_list(value):
"""Take an object and test to see if it can be represented as a
dictionary. Unless it can not be represented as such, return an
OrderedDict, e.g.,
::
>>> from_key_val_list([('key', 'val')])
OrderedDict([('key', 'val')])
>>> from_key_val_list('string')
ValueError: need more than 1 value to unpack
>>> from_key_val_list({'key': 'val'})
OrderedDict([('key', 'val')])
"""
if value is None:
return None
if isinstance(value, (str, bytes, bool, int)):
raise ValueError('cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples')
return OrderedDict(value)
def to_key_val_list(value):
"""Take an object and test to see if it can be represented as a
dictionary. If it can be, return a list of tuples, e.g.,
::
>>> to_key_val_list([('key', 'val')])
[('key', 'val')]
>>> to_key_val_list({'key': 'val'})
[('key', 'val')]
>>> to_key_val_list('string')
ValueError: cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples.
"""
if value is None:
return None
if isinstance(value, (str, bytes, bool, int)):
raise ValueError('cannot encode objects that are not 2-tuples')
if isinstance(value, collections.Mapping):
value = value.items()
return list(value)
# From mitsuhiko/werkzeug (used with permission).
def parse_list_header(value):
"""Parse lists as described by RFC 2068 Section 2.
In particular, parse comma-separated lists where the elements of
the list may include quoted-strings. A quoted-string could
contain a comma. A non-quoted string could have quotes in the
middle. Quotes are removed automatically after parsing.
It basically works like :func:`parse_set_header` just that items
may appear multiple times and case sensitivity is preserved.
The return value is a standard :class:`list`:
>>> parse_list_header('token, "quoted value"')
['token', 'quoted value']
To create a header from the :class:`list` again, use the
:func:`dump_header` function.
:param value: a string with a list header.
:return: :class:`list`
"""
result = []
for item in _parse_list_header(value):
if item[:1] == item[-1:] == '"':
item = unquote_header_value(item[1:-1])
result.append(item)
return result
# From mitsuhiko/werkzeug (used with permission).
def parse_dict_header(value):
"""Parse lists of key, value pairs as described by RFC 2068 Section 2 and
convert them into a python dict:
>>> d = parse_dict_header('foo="is a fish", bar="as well"')
>>> type(d) is dict
True
>>> sorted(d.items())
[('bar', 'as well'), ('foo', 'is a fish')]
If there is no value for a key it will be `None`:
>>> parse_dict_header('key_without_value')
{'key_without_value': None}
To create a header from the :class:`dict` again, use the
:func:`dump_header` function.
:param value: a string with a dict header.
:return: :class:`dict`
"""
result = {}
for item in _parse_list_header(value):
if '=' not in item:
result[item] = None
continue
name, value = item.split('=', 1)
if value[:1] == value[-1:] == '"':
value = unquote_header_value(value[1:-1])
result[name] = value
return result
# From mitsuhiko/werkzeug (used with permission).
def unquote_header_value(value, is_filename=False):
r"""Unquotes a header value. (Reversal of :func:`quote_header_value`).
This does not use the real unquoting but what browsers are actually
using for quoting.
:param value: the header value to unquote.
"""
if value and value[0] == value[-1] == '"':
# this is not the real unquoting, but fixing this so that the
# RFC is met will result in bugs with internet explorer and
# probably some other browsers as well. IE for example is
# uploading files with "C:\foo\bar.txt" as filename
value = value[1:-1]
# if this is a filename and the starting characters look like
# a UNC path, then just return the value without quotes. Using the
# replace sequence below on a UNC path has the effect of turning
# the leading double slash into a single slash and then
# _fix_ie_filename() doesn't work correctly. See #458.
if not is_filename or value[:2] != '\\\\':
return value.replace('\\\\', '\\').replace('\\"', '"')
return value
def dict_from_cookiejar(cj):
"""Returns a key/value dictionary from a CookieJar.
:param cj: CookieJar object to extract cookies from.
"""
cookie_dict = {}
for cookie in cj:
cookie_dict[cookie.name] = cookie.value
return cookie_dict
def add_dict_to_cookiejar(cj, cookie_dict):
"""Returns a CookieJar from a key/value dictionary.
:param cj: CookieJar to insert cookies into.
:param cookie_dict: Dict of key/values to insert into CookieJar.
"""
cj2 = cookiejar_from_dict(cookie_dict)
cj.update(cj2)
return cj
def get_encodings_from_content(content):
"""Returns encodings from given content string.
:param content: bytestring to extract encodings from.
"""
charset_re = re.compile(r'<meta.*?charset=["\']*(.+?)["\'>]', flags=re.I)
pragma_re = re.compile(r'<meta.*?content=["\']*;?charset=(.+?)["\'>]', flags=re.I)
xml_re = re.compile(r'^<\?xml.*?encoding=["\']*(.+?)["\'>]')
return (charset_re.findall(content) +
pragma_re.findall(content) +
xml_re.findall(content))
def get_encoding_from_headers(headers):
"""Returns encodings from given HTTP Header Dict.
:param headers: dictionary to extract encoding from.
"""
content_type = headers.get('content-type')
if not content_type:
return None
content_type, params = cgi.parse_header(content_type)
if 'charset' in params:
return params['charset'].strip("'\"")
if 'text' in content_type:
return 'ISO-8859-1'
def stream_decode_response_unicode(iterator, r):
"""Stream decodes a iterator."""
if r.encoding is None:
for item in iterator:
yield item
return
decoder = codecs.getincrementaldecoder(r.encoding)(errors='replace')
for chunk in iterator:
rv = decoder.decode(chunk)
if rv:
yield rv
rv = decoder.decode(b'', final=True)
if rv:
yield rv
def iter_slices(string, slice_length):
"""Iterate over slices of a string."""
pos = 0
while pos < len(string):
yield string[pos:pos + slice_length]
pos += slice_length
def get_unicode_from_response(r):
"""Returns the requested content back in unicode.
:param r: Response object to get unicode content from.
Tried:
1. charset from content-type
2. every encodings from ``<meta ... charset=XXX>``
3. fall back and replace all unicode characters
"""
tried_encodings = []
# Try charset from content-type
encoding = get_encoding_from_headers(r.headers)
if encoding:
try:
return str(r.content, encoding)
except UnicodeError:
tried_encodings.append(encoding)
# Fall back:
try:
return str(r.content, encoding, errors='replace')
except TypeError:
return r.content
# The unreserved URI characters (RFC 3986)
UNRESERVED_SET = frozenset(
"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+ "0123456789-._~")
def unquote_unreserved(uri):
"""Un-escape any percent-escape sequences in a URI that are unreserved
characters. This leaves all reserved, illegal and non-ASCII bytes encoded.
"""
parts = uri.split('%')
for i in range(1, len(parts)):
h = parts[i][0:2]
if len(h) == 2 and h.isalnum():
try:
c = chr(int(h, 16))
except ValueError:
raise InvalidURL("Invalid percent-escape sequence: '%s'" % h)
if c in UNRESERVED_SET:
parts[i] = c + parts[i][2:]
else:
parts[i] = '%' + parts[i]
else:
parts[i] = '%' + parts[i]
return ''.join(parts)
def requote_uri(uri):
"""Re-quote the given URI.
This function passes the given URI through an unquote/quote cycle to
ensure that it is fully and consistently quoted.
"""
# Unquote only the unreserved characters
# Then quote only illegal characters (do not quote reserved, unreserved,
# or '%')
return quote(unquote_unreserved(uri), safe="!#$%&'()*+,/:;=?@[]~")
def address_in_network(ip, net):
"""
This function allows you to check if on IP belongs to a network subnet
Example: returns True if ip = 192.168.1.1 and net = 192.168.1.0/24
returns False if ip = 192.168.1.1 and net = 192.168.100.0/24
"""
ipaddr = struct.unpack('=L', socket.inet_aton(ip))[0]
netaddr, bits = net.split('/')
netmask = struct.unpack('=L', socket.inet_aton(dotted_netmask(int(bits))))[0]
network = struct.unpack('=L', socket.inet_aton(netaddr))[0] & netmask
return (ipaddr & netmask) == (network & netmask)
def dotted_netmask(mask):
"""
Converts mask from /xx format to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
Example: if mask is 24 function returns 255.255.255.0
"""
bits = 0xffffffff ^ (1 << 32 - mask) - 1
return socket.inet_ntoa(struct.pack('>I', bits))
def is_ipv4_address(string_ip):
try:
socket.inet_aton(string_ip)
except socket.error:
return False
return True
def is_valid_cidr(string_network):
"""Very simple check of the cidr format in no_proxy variable"""
if string_network.count('/') == 1:
try:
mask = int(string_network.split('/')[1])
except ValueError:
return False
if mask < 1 or mask > 32:
return False
try:
socket.inet_aton(string_network.split('/')[0])
except socket.error:
return False
else:
return False
return True
def should_bypass_proxies(url):
"""
Returns whether we should bypass proxies or not.
"""
get_proxy = lambda k: os.environ.get(k) or os.environ.get(k.upper())
# First check whether no_proxy is defined. If it is, check that the URL
# we're getting isn't in the no_proxy list.
no_proxy = get_proxy('no_proxy')
netloc = urlparse(url).netloc
if no_proxy:
# We need to check whether we match here. We need to see if we match
# the end of the netloc, both with and without the port.
no_proxy = no_proxy.replace(' ', '').split(',')
ip = netloc.split(':')[0]
if is_ipv4_address(ip):
for proxy_ip in no_proxy:
if is_valid_cidr(proxy_ip):
if address_in_network(ip, proxy_ip):
return True
else:
for host in no_proxy:
if netloc.endswith(host) or netloc.split(':')[0].endswith(host):
# The URL does match something in no_proxy, so we don't want
# to apply the proxies on this URL.
return True
# If the system proxy settings indicate that this URL should be bypassed,
# don't proxy.
# The proxy_bypass function is incredibly buggy on OS X in early versions
# of Python 2.6, so allow this call to fail. Only catch the specific
# exceptions we've seen, though: this call failing in other ways can reveal
# legitimate problems.
try:
bypass = proxy_bypass(netloc)
except (TypeError, socket.gaierror):
bypass = False
if bypass:
return True
return False
def get_environ_proxies(url):
"""Return a dict of environment proxies."""
if should_bypass_proxies(url):
return {}
else:
return getproxies()
def default_user_agent(name="python-requests"):
"""Return a string representing the default user agent."""
_implementation = platform.python_implementation()
if _implementation == 'CPython':
_implementation_version = platform.python_version()
elif _implementation == 'PyPy':
_implementation_version = '%s.%s.%s' % (sys.pypy_version_info.major,
sys.pypy_version_info.minor,
sys.pypy_version_info.micro)
if sys.pypy_version_info.releaselevel != 'final':
_implementation_version = ''.join([_implementation_version, sys.pypy_version_info.releaselevel])
elif _implementation == 'Jython':
_implementation_version = platform.python_version() # Complete Guess
elif _implementation == 'IronPython':
_implementation_version = platform.python_version() # Complete Guess
else:
_implementation_version = 'Unknown'
try:
p_system = platform.system()
p_release = platform.release()
except IOError:
p_system = 'Unknown'
p_release = 'Unknown'
return " ".join(['%s/%s' % (name, __version__),
'%s/%s' % (_implementation, _implementation_version),
'%s/%s' % (p_system, p_release)])
def default_headers():
return CaseInsensitiveDict({
'User-Agent': default_user_agent(),
'Accept-Encoding': ', '.join(('gzip', 'deflate')),
'Accept': '*/*'
})
def parse_header_links(value):
"""Return a dict of parsed link headers proxies.
i.e. Link: <http:/.../front.jpeg>; rel=front; type="image/jpeg",<http://.../back.jpeg>; rel=back;type="image/jpeg"
"""
links = []
replace_chars = " '\""
for val in value.split(","):
try:
url, params = val.split(";", 1)
except ValueError:
url, params = val, ''
link = {}
link["url"] = url.strip("<> '\"")
for param in params.split(";"):
try:
key, value = param.split("=")
except ValueError:
break
link[key.strip(replace_chars)] = value.strip(replace_chars)
links.append(link)
return links
# Null bytes; no need to recreate these on each call to guess_json_utf
_null = '\x00'.encode('ascii') # encoding to ASCII for Python 3
_null2 = _null * 2
_null3 = _null * 3
def guess_json_utf(data):
# JSON always starts with two ASCII characters, so detection is as
# easy as counting the nulls and from their location and count
# determine the encoding. Also detect a BOM, if present.
sample = data[:4]
if sample in (codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE, codecs.BOM32_BE):
return 'utf-32' # BOM included
if sample[:3] == codecs.BOM_UTF8:
return 'utf-8-sig' # BOM included, MS style (discouraged)
if sample[:2] in (codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE, codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE):
return 'utf-16' # BOM included
nullcount = sample.count(_null)
if nullcount == 0:
return 'utf-8'
if nullcount == 2:
if sample[::2] == _null2: # 1st and 3rd are null
return 'utf-16-be'
if sample[1::2] == _null2: # 2nd and 4th are null
return 'utf-16-le'
# Did not detect 2 valid UTF-16 ascii-range characters
if nullcount == 3:
if sample[:3] == _null3:
return 'utf-32-be'
if sample[1:] == _null3:
return 'utf-32-le'
# Did not detect a valid UTF-32 ascii-range character
return None
def prepend_scheme_if_needed(url, new_scheme):
'''Given a URL that may or may not have a scheme, prepend the given scheme.
Does not replace a present scheme with the one provided as an argument.'''
scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment = urlparse(url, new_scheme)
# urlparse is a finicky beast, and sometimes decides that there isn't a
# netloc present. Assume that it's being over-cautious, and switch netloc
# and path if urlparse decided there was no netloc.
if not netloc:
netloc, path = path, netloc
return urlunparse((scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment))
def get_auth_from_url(url):
"""Given a url with authentication components, extract them into a tuple of
username,password."""
parsed = urlparse(url)
try:
auth = (unquote(parsed.username), unquote(parsed.password))
except (AttributeError, TypeError):
auth = ('', '')
return auth
def to_native_string(string, encoding='ascii'):
"""
Given a string object, regardless of type, returns a representation of that
string in the native string type, encoding and decoding where necessary.
This assumes ASCII unless told otherwise.
"""
out = None
if isinstance(string, builtin_str):
out = string
else:
if is_py2:
out = string.encode(encoding)
else:
out = string.decode(encoding)
return out