CmdPal: ApplicationInfoService + fix version in the error report builder (#45374)

## Summary of the Pull Request

This PR introduces a new service, ApplicationInfoService, that
encapsulates host app state and infrastructure and moves the logic for
obtaining version information there. It then uses this information to
fix an issue with incorrect version reporting for unpackaged CmdPal in
ErrorReportBuilder.

- Adds ApplicationInfoService.
- Fixes an error in ErrorReportBuilder when the app runs unpackaged.
- Adds logging of the app version and environmental info at startup.

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## PR Checklist

- [x] Closes: #45368
- [x] Closes: #45370
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issues) -->
- [ ] **Communication:** I've discussed this with core contributors
already. If the work hasn't been agreed, this work might be rejected
- [ ] **Tests:** Added/updated and all pass
- [ ] **Localization:** All end-user-facing strings can be localized
- [ ] **Dev docs:** Added/updated
- [ ] **New binaries:** Added on the required places
- [ ] [JSON for
signing](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/.pipelines/ESRPSigning_core.json)
for new binaries
- [ ] [WXS for
installer](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/installer/PowerToysSetup/Product.wxs)
for new binaries and localization folder
- [ ] [YML for CI
pipeline](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/.pipelines/ci/templates/build-powertoys-steps.yml)
for new test projects
- [ ] [YML for signed
pipeline](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/.pipelines/release.yml)
- [ ] **Documentation updated:** If checked, please file a pull request
on [our docs
repo](https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/windows-uwp/tree/docs/hub/powertoys)
and link it here: #xxx

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or any additional comments/features here -->
## Detailed Description of the Pull Request / Additional comments

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wherever possible, but list manual validation steps taken as well -->
## Validation Steps Performed

src/modules/cmdpal/Microsoft.CmdPal.UI/Helpers/GlobalErrorHandler.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 // See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
 
 using ManagedCommon;
+using Microsoft.CmdPal.Core.Common.Services;
 using Microsoft.CmdPal.Core.Common.Services.Reports;
 using Windows.Win32;
 using Windows.Win32.Foundation;
@@ -17,19 +18,20 @@ namespace Microsoft.CmdPal.UI.Helpers;
 /// </summary>
 internal sealed partial class GlobalErrorHandler : IDisposable
 {
-    private readonly ErrorReportBuilder _errorReportBuilder = new();
+    private ErrorReportBuilder? _errorReportBuilder;
     private Options? _options;
     private App? _app;
 
     // GlobalErrorHandler is designed to be self-contained; it can be registered and invoked before a service provider is available.
-    internal void Register(App app, Options options)
+    internal void Register(App app, Options options, IApplicationInfoService? appInfoService = null)
     {
         ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(app);
         ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(options);
 
         _options = options;
-
         _app = app;
+        _errorReportBuilder = new ErrorReportBuilder(appInfoService);
+
         _app.UnhandledException += App_UnhandledException;
         TaskScheduler.UnobservedTaskException += TaskScheduler_UnobservedTaskException;
         AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += CurrentDomain_UnhandledException;
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ internal sealed partial class GlobalErrorHandler : IDisposable
 
         if (context == Context.MainThreadException)
         {
-            var report = _errorReportBuilder.BuildReport(ex, context.ToString(), _options?.RedactPii ?? true);
+            var report = _errorReportBuilder!.BuildReport(ex, context.ToString(), _options?.RedactPii ?? true);
 
             StoreReport(report, storeOnDesktop: _options?.StoreReportOnUserDesktop == true);