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Dev documentation of SettingsV2 (#7335)

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* created a folder for settings and added an overview, hotkey information

* basic structure for communication between settings and runner

* Added information about the IPC communication between settings and runner

* Added information about the communication between the settings process and modules

* Added details on backward compatibility

* brief overview on settings utils

* added an overview of the viewmodels and anomalies

* minor modifications

* Settings v2 dev docs (#7334)

* Added settings architecture and tech stack dev docs

* Added telemetry and updated architecture docs for settings v2

* Fix image link in ui_architecture markdown

* Added table of contents for settings v2

* Correct file path for ui architecture image

* nit fix in table of contents heading

* Add doc for xaml island tweaks

Co-authored-by: Divyansh Srivastava <somm14divi@gmail.com>
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Alekhya
2020-10-20 14:28:06 -07:00
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# Inter-Process Communication with Runner
The Settings v2 process uses two way IPC to communicate with the runner process.
## Initialization
- On the settings' side, the two way IPC delegates are contained with the [`ShellPage.xaml.cs`](/src/core/Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI/Views/ShellPage.xaml.cs) file. The delegates are static and the views for all the powerToys send the ipc information to the viewmodels as `ShellPage.DefaultSndMSGCallBack`.
- These delegates are initialized within the [`Mainwindow.xaml.cs`](/src/core/Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI.Runner/MainWindow.xaml.cs) file in the `Settings.Runner` project.
## Types of IPC delegates
- There are three types of delegates for the settings to communicate with the runner:
1. `SendDefaultMessage` - This is used by all the viewmodels to communicate changes in the UI to the runner so that the information can be dispatched to the modules.
2. `RestartAsAdmin`
3. `CheckForUpdates`
## Sending information to runner
- The settings process communicates with the runner by using the delegates defined within the [`ShellPage.xaml.cs`](/src/core/Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI/Views/ShellPage.xaml.cs) file.
- Depending on the type of object sending the information, the json is created accordingly.
- If any information has been modified by the user in the GeneralSettings page, then the json file sent to the runner has the name set to `general`, whereas if any information has been modified by the user in any powertoy related settings page, the name of the json file being communicated with the runner is set to `powertoy`.
## Receiving information from runner
- The `ShellPage`object has a `IPCResponseHandleList` which is a list of functions which handle IPC responses.
```csharp
// receive IPC Message
Program.IPCMessageReceivedCallback = (string msg) =>
{
if (ShellPage.ShellHandler.IPCResponseHandleList != null)
{
try
{
JsonObject json = JsonObject.Parse(msg);
foreach (Action<JsonObject> handle in ShellPage.ShellHandler.IPCResponseHandleList)
{
handle(json);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
}
}
};
```
- Whenever any information is sent from the runner each of the functions in the handle list perform their action on that json object.
- One example of where information sent from the runner is being processed by the settings is in [`GeneralPage.xaml.cs`](/src/core/Microsoft.PowerToys.Settings.UI/Views/GeneralPage.xaml.cs) when the user clicks the check for updates button. The information displayed after, such as the user has the latest version installed is a result of this handle.