CmdPal: Improve loading of application icons (uwp and jumbo icons) - part 2 (#44973)

<!-- Enter a brief description/summary of your PR here. What does it
fix/what does it change/how was it tested (even manually, if necessary)?
-->
## Summary of the Pull Request

This PR improves icons for app items:
- Refactors icon detection and selection from the AppX manifest out of
`UWPApplication`
- Prefer *unplated* UWP app logos so icons no longer appear smaller than
expected
- Adds an icon loader based on `IShellItemImageFactory` to correctly
load large icons
- Jumbo icons loaded from shortcuts are now crisp
- Jumbo icons loaded from shortcuts are no longer scaled down
- Refactors detail loading in `AppListItem` to prevent potential
deadlocks
- Makes PWA icons more crisp
- Fixes fallback item (now it gets used not only when the icon is null,
but also when it's empty).

<table>

<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>Old</th>
<th>New</th>
</tr>
</thead>

<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>
<img width="830" height="495" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/bc9875bd-6a8b-4a3d-88e1-07a655a5a5cd"
/>
</td>
<td>
<img width="750" height="533" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a82ed464-b925-4d0c-95c4-6c04859e886e"
/>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>
<img width="814" height="233" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/d560d3c0-ffc5-4178-a610-4e3b3c7107c8"
/>
</td>
<td>
<img width="760" height="299" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f29c825e-324f-46f1-b6bb-6edcf286fc9a"
/>

</td>
</tr>


<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>
<img width="813" height="262" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/d94f724d-ec26-48c8-bb8a-1b10f6a0f7eb"
/>
</td>
<td>
<img width="762" height="260" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/76c5debb-baac-417e-8aba-9cec198e742c"
/>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>
<img width="819" height="250" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/5f16d714-56d8-42f2-ad8b-1c2be6570e5c"
/>
</td>
<td>
<img width="747" height="244" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/485c72cf-ef39-4c05-afdd-877f0a47f51a"
/>
</td>
</tr>


<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>
<img width="815" height="327" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4108e36a-5950-43c9-bdff-6a9f58dadcf6"
/>
</td>
<td>
<img width="762" height="272" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/804a3159-a165-4a48-87f6-15849f5f4516"
/>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>
<img width="809" height="257" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/93ad8241-1d75-415f-b08c-4161c0905e41"
/>
</td>
<td>
<img width="756" height="231" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a0c9bb44-7151-438d-a811-82d5e2080f44"
/>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td></td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>

</table>

<!-- Please review the items on the PR checklist before submitting-->
## PR Checklist

- [x] Closes: #44970
- [x] Closes: #43320
<!-- - [ ] Closes: #yyy (add separate lines for additional resolved
issues) -->
- [ ] **Communication:** I've discussed this with core contributors
already. If the work hasn't been agreed, this work might be rejected
- [ ] **Tests:** Added/updated and all pass
- [ ] **Localization:** All end-user-facing strings can be localized
- [ ] **Dev docs:** Added/updated
- [ ] **New binaries:** Added on the required places
- [ ] [JSON for
signing](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/.pipelines/ESRPSigning_core.json)
for new binaries
- [ ] [WXS for
installer](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/installer/PowerToysSetup/Product.wxs)
for new binaries and localization folder
- [ ] [YML for CI
pipeline](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/.pipelines/ci/templates/build-powertoys-steps.yml)
for new test projects
- [ ] [YML for signed
pipeline](https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/blob/main/.pipelines/release.yml)
- [ ] **Documentation updated:** If checked, please file a pull request
on [our docs
repo](https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/windows-uwp/tree/docs/hub/powertoys)
and link it here: #xxx

<!-- Provide a more detailed description of the PR, other things fixed,
or any additional comments/features here -->
## Detailed Description of the Pull Request / Additional comments

<!-- Describe how you validated the behavior. Add automated tests
wherever possible, but list manual validation steps taken as well -->
## Validation Steps Performed

src/modules/cmdpal/ext/Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps/AppItem.cs

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ public sealed class AppItem
 
     public string? FullExecutablePath { get; set; }
 
+    public string? JumboIconPath { get; set; }
+
     public AppItem()
     {
     }

src/modules/cmdpal/ext/Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps/AppListItem.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using ManagedCommon;
 using Microsoft.CmdPal.Core.Common.Helpers;
 using Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Commands;
+using Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Helpers;
 using Microsoft.CommandPalette.Extensions;
 using Microsoft.CommandPalette.Extensions.Toolkit;
 
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ public sealed partial class AppListItem : ListItem
 {
     private readonly AppCommand _appCommand;
     private readonly AppItem _app;
+
     private readonly Lazy<Task<IconInfo?>> _iconLoadTask;
     private readonly Lazy<Task<Details>> _detailsLoadTask;
 
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ public sealed partial class AppListItem : ListItem
         MoreCommands = AddPinCommands(_app.Commands!, isPinned);
 
         _detailsLoadTask = new Lazy<Task<Details>>(BuildDetails);
-        _iconLoadTask = new Lazy<Task<IconInfo?>>(async () => await FetchIcon(useThumbnails));
+        _iconLoadTask = new Lazy<Task<IconInfo?>>(async () => await FetchIcon(useThumbnails).ConfigureAwait(false));
     }
 
     private async Task LoadDetailsAsync()
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ public sealed partial class AppListItem : ListItem
     {
         try
         {
-            Icon = _appCommand.Icon = await _iconLoadTask.Value ?? Icons.GenericAppIcon;
+            Icon = _appCommand.Icon = CoalesceIcon(await _iconLoadTask.Value);
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
         {
@@ -93,6 +95,21 @@ public sealed partial class AppListItem : ListItem
         }
     }
 
+    private static IconInfo CoalesceIcon(IconInfo? value)
+    {
+        return CoalesceIcon(value, Icons.GenericAppIcon)!;
+    }
+
+    private static IconInfo? CoalesceIcon(IconInfo? value, IconInfo? replacement)
+    {
+        return IconIsNullOrEmpty(value) ? replacement : value;
+    }
+
+    private static bool IconIsNullOrEmpty(IconInfo? value)
+    {
+        return value == null || (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value.Light?.Icon) && value.Light?.Data is null) || (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value.Dark?.Icon) && value.Dark?.Data is null);
+    }
+
     private async Task<Details> BuildDetails()
     {
         // Build metadata, with app type, path, etc.
@@ -107,24 +124,49 @@ public sealed partial class AppListItem : ListItem
         metadata.Add(new DetailsElement() { Key = "[DEBUG] AppIdentifier", Data = new DetailsLink() { Text = _app.AppIdentifier } });
         metadata.Add(new DetailsElement() { Key = "[DEBUG] ExePath", Data = new DetailsLink() { Text = _app.ExePath } });
         metadata.Add(new DetailsElement() { Key = "[DEBUG] IcoPath", Data = new DetailsLink() { Text = _app.IcoPath } });
+        metadata.Add(new DetailsElement() { Key = "[DEBUG] JumboIconPath", Data = new DetailsLink() { Text = _app.JumboIconPath ?? "(null)" } });
 #endif
 
         // Icon
         IconInfo? heroImage = null;
         if (_app.IsPackaged)
         {
-            heroImage = new IconInfo(_app.IcoPath);
+            heroImage = new IconInfo(_app.JumboIconPath ?? _app.IcoPath);
         }
         else
         {
+            // Get the icon from the system
+            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(_app.JumboIconPath))
+            {
+                var randomAccessStream = await IconExtractor.GetIconStreamAsync(_app.JumboIconPath, 64);
+                if (randomAccessStream != null)
+                {
+                    heroImage = IconInfo.FromStream(randomAccessStream);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (IconIsNullOrEmpty(heroImage) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(_app.IcoPath))
+            {
+                var randomAccessStream = await IconExtractor.GetIconStreamAsync(_app.IcoPath, 64);
+                if (randomAccessStream != null)
+                {
+                    heroImage = IconInfo.FromStream(randomAccessStream);
+                }
+            }
+
             // do nothing if we fail to load an icon.
             // Logging it would be too NOISY, there's really no need.
-            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(_app.IcoPath))
+            if (IconIsNullOrEmpty(heroImage) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(_app.JumboIconPath))
+            {
+                heroImage = await TryLoadThumbnail(_app.JumboIconPath, jumbo: true, logOnFailure: false);
+            }
+
+            if (IconIsNullOrEmpty(heroImage) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(_app.IcoPath))
             {
                 heroImage = await TryLoadThumbnail(_app.IcoPath, jumbo: true, logOnFailure: false);
             }
 
-            if (heroImage == null && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(_app.ExePath))
+            if (IconIsNullOrEmpty(heroImage) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(_app.ExePath))
             {
                 heroImage = await TryLoadThumbnail(_app.ExePath, jumbo: true, logOnFailure: false);
             }
@@ -133,8 +175,8 @@ public sealed partial class AppListItem : ListItem
         return new Details()
         {
             Title = this.Title,
-            HeroImage = heroImage ?? this.Icon ?? Icons.GenericAppIcon,
-            Metadata = metadata.ToArray(),
+            HeroImage = CoalesceIcon(CoalesceIcon(heroImage, this.Icon as IconInfo)),
+            Metadata = [..metadata],
         };
     }
 
@@ -154,7 +196,7 @@ public sealed partial class AppListItem : ListItem
                 icon = await TryLoadThumbnail(_app.IcoPath, jumbo: false, logOnFailure: true);
             }
 
-            if (icon == null && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(_app.ExePath))
+            if (IconIsNullOrEmpty(icon) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(_app.ExePath))
             {
                 icon = await TryLoadThumbnail(_app.ExePath, jumbo: false, logOnFailure: true);
             }
@@ -196,22 +238,25 @@ public sealed partial class AppListItem : ListItem
 
     private async Task<IconInfo?> TryLoadThumbnail(string path, bool jumbo, bool logOnFailure)
     {
-        try
+        return await Task.Run(async () =>
         {
-            var stream = await ThumbnailHelper.GetThumbnail(path, jumbo);
-            if (stream is not null)
+            try
             {
-                return IconInfo.FromStream(stream);
+                var stream = await ThumbnailHelper.GetThumbnail(path, jumbo).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                if (stream is not null)
+                {
+                    return IconInfo.FromStream(stream);
+                }
             }
-        }
-        catch (Exception ex)
-        {
-            if (logOnFailure)
+            catch (Exception ex)
             {
-                Logger.LogDebug($"Failed to load icon {path} for {AppIdentifier}:\n{ex}");
+                if (logOnFailure)
+                {
+                    Logger.LogDebug($"Failed to load icon {path} for {AppIdentifier}:\n{ex}");
+                }
             }
-        }
 
-        return null;
+            return null;
+        }).ConfigureAwait(false);
     }
 }

src/modules/cmdpal/ext/Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps/Helpers/AppxIconLoader.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
+// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Programs;
+using Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Utils;
+
+namespace Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Helpers;
+
+internal static class AppxIconLoader
+{
+    private const string ContrastWhite = "contrast-white";
+    private const string ContrastBlack = "contrast-black";
+
+    private static readonly Dictionary<UWP.PackageVersion, List<int>> _scaleFactors = new()
+    {
+        { UWP.PackageVersion.Windows10, [100, 125, 150, 200, 400] },
+        { UWP.PackageVersion.Windows81, [100, 120, 140, 160, 180] },
+        { UWP.PackageVersion.Windows8, [100] },
+    };
+
+    private static readonly List<int> TargetSizes = [16, 24, 30, 36, 44, 60, 72, 96, 128, 180, 256];
+
+    private static IconSearchResult GetScaleIcons(
+        string path,
+        string colorscheme,
+        UWP.PackageVersion packageVersion,
+        bool highContrast = false)
+    {
+        var extension = Path.GetExtension(path);
+        if (extension is null)
+        {
+            return IconSearchResult.NotFound();
+        }
+
+        var end = path.Length - extension.Length;
+        var prefix = path[..end];
+
+        if (!_scaleFactors.TryGetValue(packageVersion, out var factors))
+        {
+            return IconSearchResult.NotFound();
+        }
+
+        var logoType = highContrast ? LogoType.HighContrast : LogoType.Colored;
+
+        // Check from highest scale factor to lowest for best quality
+        for (var i = factors.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+        {
+            var factor = factors[i];
+            string[] pathsToTry = highContrast
+                ?
+                [
+                    $"{prefix}.scale-{factor}_{colorscheme}{extension}",
+                    $"{prefix}.{colorscheme}_scale-{factor}{extension}",
+                ]
+                :
+                [
+                    $"{prefix}.scale-{factor}{extension}",
+                ];
+
+            foreach (var p in pathsToTry)
+            {
+                if (File.Exists(p))
+                {
+                    return IconSearchResult.FoundScaled(p, logoType);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Check base path (100% scale) as last resort
+        if (!highContrast && File.Exists(path))
+        {
+            return IconSearchResult.FoundScaled(path, logoType);
+        }
+
+        return IconSearchResult.NotFound();
+    }
+
+    private static IconSearchResult GetTargetSizeIcon(
+        string path,
+        string colorscheme,
+        bool highContrast = false,
+        int appIconSize = 36,
+        double maxSizeCoefficient = 8.0)
+    {
+        var extension = Path.GetExtension(path);
+        if (extension is null)
+        {
+            return IconSearchResult.NotFound();
+        }
+
+        var end = path.Length - extension.Length;
+        var prefix = path[..end];
+        var pathSizePairs = new List<(string Path, int Size)>();
+
+        foreach (var size in TargetSizes)
+        {
+            if (highContrast)
+            {
+                pathSizePairs.Add(($"{prefix}.targetsize-{size}_{colorscheme}{extension}", size));
+                pathSizePairs.Add(($"{prefix}.{colorscheme}_targetsize-{size}{extension}", size));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                pathSizePairs.Add(($"{prefix}.targetsize-{size}_altform-unplated{extension}", size));
+                pathSizePairs.Add(($"{prefix}.targetsize-{size}{extension}", size));
+            }
+        }
+
+        var maxAllowedSize = (int)(appIconSize * maxSizeCoefficient);
+        var logoType = highContrast ? LogoType.HighContrast : LogoType.Colored;
+
+        string? bestLargerPath = null;
+        var bestLargerSize = int.MaxValue;
+
+        string? bestSmallerPath = null;
+        var bestSmallerSize = 0;
+
+        foreach (var (p, size) in pathSizePairs)
+        {
+            if (!File.Exists(p))
+            {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (size >= appIconSize && size <= maxAllowedSize)
+            {
+                if (size < bestLargerSize)
+                {
+                    bestLargerSize = size;
+                    bestLargerPath = p;
+                }
+            }
+            else if (size < appIconSize)
+            {
+                if (size > bestSmallerSize)
+                {
+                    bestSmallerSize = size;
+                    bestSmallerPath = p;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (bestLargerPath is not null)
+        {
+            return IconSearchResult.FoundTargetSize(bestLargerPath, logoType, bestLargerSize);
+        }
+
+        if (bestSmallerPath is not null)
+        {
+            return IconSearchResult.FoundTargetSize(bestSmallerPath, logoType, bestSmallerSize);
+        }
+
+        return IconSearchResult.NotFound();
+    }
+
+    private static IconSearchResult GetColoredIcon(
+        string path,
+        string colorscheme,
+        int iconSize,
+        UWP package)
+    {
+        // First priority: targetsize icons (we know the exact size)
+        var targetResult = GetTargetSizeIcon(path, colorscheme, highContrast: false, appIconSize: iconSize);
+        if (targetResult.MeetsMinimumSize(iconSize))
+        {
+            return targetResult;
+        }
+
+        var hcTargetResult = GetTargetSizeIcon(path, colorscheme, highContrast: true, appIconSize: iconSize);
+        if (hcTargetResult.MeetsMinimumSize(iconSize))
+        {
+            return hcTargetResult;
+        }
+
+        // Second priority: scale icons (size unknown, but higher scale = likely better)
+        var scaleResult = GetScaleIcons(path, colorscheme, package.Version, highContrast: false);
+        if (scaleResult.IsFound)
+        {
+            return scaleResult;
+        }
+
+        var hcScaleResult = GetScaleIcons(path, colorscheme, package.Version, highContrast: true);
+        if (hcScaleResult.IsFound)
+        {
+            return hcScaleResult;
+        }
+
+        // Last resort: return undersized targetsize if we found one
+        if (targetResult.IsFound)
+        {
+            return targetResult;
+        }
+
+        if (hcTargetResult.IsFound)
+        {
+            return hcTargetResult;
+        }
+
+        return IconSearchResult.NotFound();
+    }
+
+    private static IconSearchResult SetHighContrastIcon(
+        string path,
+        string colorscheme,
+        int iconSize,
+        UWP package)
+    {
+        // First priority: HC targetsize icons (we know the exact size)
+        var hcTargetResult = GetTargetSizeIcon(path, colorscheme, highContrast: true, appIconSize: iconSize);
+        if (hcTargetResult.MeetsMinimumSize(iconSize))
+        {
+            return hcTargetResult;
+        }
+
+        var targetResult = GetTargetSizeIcon(path, colorscheme, highContrast: false, appIconSize: iconSize);
+        if (targetResult.MeetsMinimumSize(iconSize))
+        {
+            return targetResult;
+        }
+
+        // Second priority: scale icons
+        var hcScaleResult = GetScaleIcons(path, colorscheme, package.Version, highContrast: true);
+        if (hcScaleResult.IsFound)
+        {
+            return hcScaleResult;
+        }
+
+        var scaleResult = GetScaleIcons(path, colorscheme, package.Version, highContrast: false);
+        if (scaleResult.IsFound)
+        {
+            return scaleResult;
+        }
+
+        // Last resort: undersized targetsize
+        if (hcTargetResult.IsFound)
+        {
+            return hcTargetResult;
+        }
+
+        if (targetResult.IsFound)
+        {
+            return targetResult;
+        }
+
+        return IconSearchResult.NotFound();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Loads an icon from a UWP package, attempting to find the best match for the requested size.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="uri">The relative URI to the logo asset.</param>
+    /// <param name="theme">The current theme.</param>
+    /// <param name="iconSize">The requested icon size in pixels.</param>
+    /// <param name="package">The UWP package.</param>
+    /// <returns>
+    /// An IconSearchResult. Use <see cref="IconSearchResult.MeetsMinimumSize"/> to check if
+    /// the icon is confirmed to be large enough, or <see cref="IconSearchResult.IsTargetSizeIcon"/>
+    /// to determine if the size is known.
+    /// </returns>
+    internal static IconSearchResult LogoPathFromUri(
+        string uri,
+        Theme theme,
+        int iconSize,
+        UWP package)
+    {
+        var path = Path.Combine(package.Location, uri);
+        var logo = Probe(theme, path, iconSize, package);
+        if (!logo.IsFound && !uri.Contains('\\', StringComparison.Ordinal))
+        {
+            path = Path.Combine(package.Location, "Assets", uri);
+            logo = Probe(theme, path, iconSize, package);
+        }
+
+        return logo;
+    }
+
+    private static IconSearchResult Probe(Theme theme, string path, int iconSize, UWP package)
+    {
+        return theme switch
+        {
+            Theme.HighContrastBlack or Theme.HighContrastOne or Theme.HighContrastTwo
+                => SetHighContrastIcon(path, ContrastBlack, iconSize, package),
+            Theme.HighContrastWhite
+                => SetHighContrastIcon(path, ContrastWhite, iconSize, package),
+            Theme.Light
+                => GetColoredIcon(path, ContrastWhite, iconSize, package),
+            _
+                => GetColoredIcon(path, ContrastBlack, iconSize, package),
+        };
+    }
+}

src/modules/cmdpal/ext/Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps/Helpers/IconExtractor.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
+// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
+
+using System;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using ManagedCommon;
+using Windows.Graphics.Imaging;
+using Windows.Storage.Streams;
+using Windows.Win32;
+using Windows.Win32.Foundation;
+using Windows.Win32.Graphics.Gdi;
+using Windows.Win32.UI.Shell;
+
+namespace Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Helpers;
+
+internal static class IconExtractor
+{
+    public static async Task<IRandomAccessStream?> GetIconStreamAsync(string path, int size)
+    {
+        var bitmap = GetIcon(path, size);
+        if (bitmap == null)
+        {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        var stream = new InMemoryRandomAccessStream();
+        var encoder = await BitmapEncoder.CreateAsync(BitmapEncoder.PngEncoderId, stream);
+        encoder.SetSoftwareBitmap(bitmap);
+        await encoder.FlushAsync();
+
+        stream.Seek(0);
+        return stream;
+    }
+
+    public static unsafe SoftwareBitmap? GetIcon(string path, int size)
+    {
+        IShellItemImageFactory* factory = null;
+        HBITMAP hBitmap = default;
+
+        try
+        {
+            fixed (char* pPath = path)
+            {
+                var iid = IShellItemImageFactory.IID_Guid;
+                var hr = PInvoke.SHCreateItemFromParsingName(
+                    pPath,
+                    null,
+                    &iid,
+                    (void**)&factory);
+
+                if (hr.Failed || factory == null)
+                {
+                    return null;
+                }
+            }
+
+            var requestedSize = new SIZE { cx = size, cy = size };
+            var hr2 = factory->GetImage(
+                requestedSize,
+                SIIGBF.SIIGBF_ICONONLY | SIIGBF.SIIGBF_BIGGERSIZEOK | SIIGBF.SIIGBF_CROPTOSQUARE,
+                &hBitmap);
+
+            if (hr2.Failed || hBitmap.IsNull)
+            {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            return CreateSoftwareBitmap(hBitmap, size);
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Logger.LogError($"Failed to load icon from path='{path}',size={size}", ex);
+            return null;
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            if (!hBitmap.IsNull)
+            {
+                PInvoke.DeleteObject(hBitmap);
+            }
+
+            if (factory != null)
+            {
+                factory->Release();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static unsafe SoftwareBitmap CreateSoftwareBitmap(HBITMAP hBitmap, int size)
+    {
+        var pixels = new byte[size * size * 4];
+
+        var bmi = new BITMAPINFO
+        {
+            bmiHeader = new BITMAPINFOHEADER
+            {
+                biSize = (uint)sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER),
+                biWidth = size,
+                biHeight = -size,
+                biPlanes = 1,
+                biBitCount = 32,
+                biCompression = 0,
+            },
+        };
+
+        var hdc = PInvoke.GetDC(default);
+        try
+        {
+            fixed (byte* pPixels = pixels)
+            {
+                _ = PInvoke.GetDIBits(
+                    hdc,
+                    hBitmap,
+                    0,
+                    (uint)size,
+                    pPixels,
+                    &bmi,
+                    DIB_USAGE.DIB_RGB_COLORS);
+            }
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            _ = PInvoke.ReleaseDC(default, hdc);
+        }
+
+        var bitmap = new SoftwareBitmap(BitmapPixelFormat.Bgra8, size, size, BitmapAlphaMode.Premultiplied);
+        bitmap.CopyFromBuffer(pixels.AsBuffer());
+        return bitmap;
+    }
+}

src/modules/cmdpal/ext/Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps/Helpers/IconSearchResult.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
+// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
+
+using Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Programs;
+
+namespace Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Helpers;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Result of an icon search operation.
+/// </summary>
+internal readonly record struct IconSearchResult(
+    string? LogoPath,
+    LogoType LogoType,
+    bool IsTargetSizeIcon,
+    int? KnownSize = null)
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets a value indicating whether an icon was found.
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool IsFound => LogoPath is not null;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Returns true if we can confirm the icon meets the minimum size.
+    /// Only possible for targetsize icons where the size is encoded in the filename.
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool MeetsMinimumSize(int minimumSize) =>
+        IsTargetSizeIcon && KnownSize >= minimumSize;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Returns true if we know the icon is undersized.
+    /// Returns false if not found, or if size is unknown (scale-based icons).
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool IsKnownUndersized(int minimumSize) =>
+        IsTargetSizeIcon && KnownSize < minimumSize;
+
+    public static IconSearchResult NotFound() => new(null, default, false);
+
+    public static IconSearchResult FoundTargetSize(string path, LogoType logoType, int size)
+        => new(path, logoType, IsTargetSizeIcon: true, size);
+
+    public static IconSearchResult FoundScaled(string path, LogoType logoType)
+        => new(path, logoType, IsTargetSizeIcon: false);
+}

src/modules/cmdpal/ext/Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps/NativeMethods.txt

@@ -18,3 +18,9 @@ ShellLink
 IPersistFile
 CoTaskMemFree
 IUnknown
+IShellItemImageFactory
+DeleteObject
+GetDIBits
+GetDC
+ReleaseDC
+SIIGBF

src/modules/cmdpal/ext/Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps/Programs/UWPApplication.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using System.IO.Abstractions;
 using System.Xml;
 using ManagedCommon;
 using Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Commands;
+using Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Helpers;
 using Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Properties;
 using Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Utils;
 using Microsoft.CommandPalette.Extensions;
@@ -23,8 +24,10 @@ namespace Microsoft.CmdPal.Ext.Apps.Programs;
 [Serializable]
 public class UWPApplication : IUWPApplication
 {
+    private const int ListIconSize = 20;
+    private const int JumboIconSize = 64;
+
     private static readonly IFileSystem FileSystem = new FileSystem();
-    private static readonly IPath Path = FileSystem.Path;
     private static readonly IFile File = FileSystem.File;
 
     public string AppListEntry { get; set; } = string.Empty;
@@ -56,13 +59,15 @@ public class UWPApplication : IUWPApplication
 
     public LogoType LogoType { get; set; }
 
+    public string JumboLogoPath { get; set; } = string.Empty;
+
+    public LogoType JumboLogoType { get; set; }
+
     public UWP Package { get; set; }
 
-    private string logoUri;
+    private string _logoUri;
 
-    private const string ContrastWhite = "contrast-white";
-
-    private const string ContrastBlack = "contrast-black";
+    private string _jumboLogoUri;
 
     // Function to set the subtitle based on the Type of application
     public static string Type()
@@ -154,7 +159,8 @@ public class UWPApplication : IUWPApplication
 
         DisplayName = ResourceFromPri(package.FullName, DisplayName);
         Description = ResourceFromPri(package.FullName, Description);
-        logoUri = LogoUriFromManifest(manifestApp);
+        _logoUri = LogoUriFromManifest(manifestApp);
+        _jumboLogoUri = LogoUriFromManifest(manifestApp, jumbo: true);
 
         Enabled = true;
         CanRunElevated = IfApplicationCanRunElevated();
@@ -280,16 +286,24 @@ public class UWPApplication : IUWPApplication
         }
     }
 
-    private static readonly Dictionary<PackageVersion, string> _logoKeyFromVersion = new Dictionary<PackageVersion, string>
+    private static readonly Dictionary<PackageVersion, string> _smallLogoKeyFromVersion = new Dictionary<PackageVersion, string>
         {
             { PackageVersion.Windows10, "Square44x44Logo" },
             { PackageVersion.Windows81, "Square30x30Logo" },
             { PackageVersion.Windows8, "SmallLogo" },
         };
 
-    internal unsafe string LogoUriFromManifest(IAppxManifestApplication* app)
+    private static readonly Dictionary<PackageVersion, string> _largeLogoKeyFromVersion = new Dictionary<PackageVersion, string>
     {
-        if (_logoKeyFromVersion.TryGetValue(Package.Version, out var key))
+        { PackageVersion.Windows10, "Square150x150Logo" },
+        { PackageVersion.Windows81, "Square150x150Logo" },
+        { PackageVersion.Windows8, "Logo" },
+    };
+
+    internal unsafe string LogoUriFromManifest(IAppxManifestApplication* app, bool jumbo = false)
+    {
+        var logoMap = jumbo ? _largeLogoKeyFromVersion : _smallLogoKeyFromVersion;
+        if (logoMap.TryGetValue(Package.Version, out var key))
         {
             var hr = app->GetStringValue(key, out var logoUriFromAppPtr);
             return ComFreeHelper.GetStringAndFree(hr, logoUriFromAppPtr);
@@ -302,257 +316,55 @@ public class UWPApplication : IUWPApplication
 
     public void UpdateLogoPath(Theme theme)
     {
-        LogoPathFromUri(logoUri, theme);
-    }
-
-    // scale factors on win10: https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/uwp/controls-and-patterns/tiles-and-notifications-app-assets#asset-size-tables,
-    private static readonly Dictionary<PackageVersion, List<int>> _scaleFactors = new Dictionary<PackageVersion, List<int>>
+        // Update small logo
+        var logo = AppxIconLoader.LogoPathFromUri(_logoUri, theme, ListIconSize, Package);
+        if (logo.IsFound)
         {
-            { PackageVersion.Windows10, new List<int> { 100, 125, 150, 200, 400 } },
-            { PackageVersion.Windows81, new List<int> { 100, 120, 140, 160, 180 } },
-            { PackageVersion.Windows8, new List<int> { 100 } },
-        };
-
-    private bool SetScaleIcons(string path, string colorscheme, bool highContrast = false)
-    {
-        var extension = Path.GetExtension(path);
-        if (extension is not null)
-        {
-            var end = path.Length - extension.Length;
-            var prefix = path.Substring(0, end);
-            var paths = new List<string> { };
-
-            if (!highContrast)
-            {
-                paths.Add(path);
-            }
-
-            if (_scaleFactors.TryGetValue(Package.Version, out var factors))
-            {
-                foreach (var factor in factors)
-                {
-                    if (highContrast)
-                    {
-                        paths.Add($"{prefix}.scale-{factor}_{colorscheme}{extension}");
-                        paths.Add($"{prefix}.{colorscheme}_scale-{factor}{extension}");
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        paths.Add($"{prefix}.scale-{factor}{extension}");
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            // By working from the highest resolution to the lowest, we make
-            // sure that we use the highest quality possible icon for the app.
-            //
-            // FirstOrDefault would result in us using the 1x scaled icon
-            // always, which is usually too small for our needs.
-            for (var i = paths.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
-            {
-                if (File.Exists(paths[i]))
-                {
-                    LogoPath = paths[i];
-                    if (highContrast)
-                    {
-                        LogoType = LogoType.HighContrast;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        LogoType = LogoType.Colored;
-                    }
-
-                    return true;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    private bool SetTargetSizeIcon(string path, string colorscheme, bool highContrast = false)
-    {
-        var extension = Path.GetExtension(path);
-        if (extension is not null)
-        {
-            var end = path.Length - extension.Length;
-            var prefix = path.Substring(0, end);
-            var paths = new List<string> { };
-            const int appIconSize = 36;
-            var targetSizes = new List<int> { 16, 24, 30, 36, 44, 60, 72, 96, 128, 180, 256 };
-            var pathFactorPairs = new Dictionary<string, int>();
-
-            foreach (var factor in targetSizes)
-            {
-                if (highContrast)
-                {
-                    var suffixThemePath = $"{prefix}.targetsize-{factor}_{colorscheme}{extension}";
-                    var prefixThemePath = $"{prefix}.{colorscheme}_targetsize-{factor}{extension}";
-                    paths.Add(suffixThemePath);
-                    paths.Add(prefixThemePath);
-                    pathFactorPairs.Add(suffixThemePath, factor);
-                    pathFactorPairs.Add(prefixThemePath, factor);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    var simplePath = $"{prefix}.targetsize-{factor}{extension}";
-                    var altformUnPlatedPath = $"{prefix}.targetsize-{factor}_altform-unplated{extension}";
-                    paths.Add(simplePath);
-                    paths.Add(altformUnPlatedPath);
-                    pathFactorPairs.Add(simplePath, factor);
-                    pathFactorPairs.Add(altformUnPlatedPath, factor);
-                }
-            }
-
-            // Sort paths by distance to desired app icon size
-            var selectedIconPath = string.Empty;
-            var closestDistance = int.MaxValue;
-
-            foreach (var p in paths)
-            {
-                if (File.Exists(p) && pathFactorPairs.TryGetValue(p, out var factor))
-                {
-                    var distance = Math.Abs(factor - appIconSize);
-                    if (distance < closestDistance)
-                    {
-                        closestDistance = distance;
-                        selectedIconPath = p;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(selectedIconPath))
-            {
-                LogoPath = selectedIconPath;
-                if (highContrast)
-                {
-                    LogoType = LogoType.HighContrast;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    LogoType = LogoType.Colored;
-                }
-
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    private bool SetColoredIcon(string path, string colorscheme)
-    {
-        var isSetColoredScaleIcon = SetScaleIcons(path, colorscheme);
-        if (isSetColoredScaleIcon)
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        var isSetColoredTargetIcon = SetTargetSizeIcon(path, colorscheme);
-        if (isSetColoredTargetIcon)
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        var isSetHighContrastScaleIcon = SetScaleIcons(path, colorscheme, true);
-        if (isSetHighContrastScaleIcon)
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        var isSetHighContrastTargetIcon = SetTargetSizeIcon(path, colorscheme, true);
-        if (isSetHighContrastTargetIcon)
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    private bool SetHighContrastIcon(string path, string colorscheme)
-    {
-        var isSetHighContrastScaleIcon = SetScaleIcons(path, colorscheme, true);
-        if (isSetHighContrastScaleIcon)
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        var isSetHighContrastTargetIcon = SetTargetSizeIcon(path, colorscheme, true);
-        if (isSetHighContrastTargetIcon)
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        var isSetColoredScaleIcon = SetScaleIcons(path, colorscheme);
-        if (isSetColoredScaleIcon)
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        var isSetColoredTargetIcon = SetTargetSizeIcon(path, colorscheme);
-        if (isSetColoredTargetIcon)
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    internal void LogoPathFromUri(string uri, Theme theme)
-    {
-        // all https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/uwp/controls-and-patterns/tiles-and-notifications-app-assets
-        // windows 10 https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/apps/dn934817.aspx
-        // windows 8.1 https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/apps/hh965372.aspx#target_size
-        // windows 8 https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/apps/br211475.aspx
-        string path;
-        bool isLogoUriSet;
-
-        // Using Ordinal since this is used internally with uri
-        if (uri.Contains('\\', StringComparison.Ordinal))
-        {
-            path = Path.Combine(Package.Location, uri);
+            LogoPath = logo.LogoPath!;
+            LogoType = logo.LogoType;
         }
         else
-        {
-            // for C:\Windows\MiracastView, etc.
-            path = Path.Combine(Package.Location, "Assets", uri);
-        }
-
-        switch (theme)
-        {
-            case Theme.HighContrastBlack:
-            case Theme.HighContrastOne:
-            case Theme.HighContrastTwo:
-                isLogoUriSet = SetHighContrastIcon(path, ContrastBlack);
-                break;
-            case Theme.HighContrastWhite:
-                isLogoUriSet = SetHighContrastIcon(path, ContrastWhite);
-                break;
-            case Theme.Light:
-                isLogoUriSet = SetColoredIcon(path, ContrastWhite);
-                break;
-            default:
-                isLogoUriSet = SetColoredIcon(path, ContrastBlack);
-                break;
-        }
-
-        if (!isLogoUriSet)
         {
             LogoPath = string.Empty;
             LogoType = LogoType.Error;
         }
+
+        // Jumbo logo ... small logo can actually provide better result
+        var jumboLogo = AppxIconLoader.LogoPathFromUri(_logoUri, theme, JumboIconSize, Package);
+        if (jumboLogo.IsFound)
+        {
+            JumboLogoPath = jumboLogo.LogoPath!;
+            JumboLogoType = jumboLogo.LogoType;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            JumboLogoPath = string.Empty;
+            JumboLogoType = LogoType.Error;
+        }
+
+        if (!jumboLogo.MeetsMinimumSize(JumboIconSize) || !jumboLogo.IsFound)
+        {
+            var jumboLogoAlt = AppxIconLoader.LogoPathFromUri(_jumboLogoUri, theme, JumboIconSize, Package);
+            if (jumboLogoAlt.IsFound)
+            {
+                JumboLogoPath = jumboLogoAlt.LogoPath!;
+                JumboLogoType = jumboLogoAlt.LogoType;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     public AppItem ToAppItem()
     {
         var app = this;
         var iconPath = app.LogoType != LogoType.Error ? app.LogoPath : string.Empty;
-        var item = new AppItem()
+        var jumboIconPath = app.JumboLogoType != LogoType.Error ? app.JumboLogoPath : string.Empty;
+        var item = new AppItem
         {
             Name = app.Name,
             Subtitle = app.Description,
             Type = UWPApplication.Type(),
             IcoPath = iconPath,
+            JumboIconPath = jumboIconPath,
             DirPath = app.Location,
             UserModelId = app.UserModelId,
             IsPackaged = true,
@@ -563,116 +375,6 @@ public class UWPApplication : IUWPApplication
         return item;
     }
 
-    /*
-    public ImageSource Logo()
-    {
-        if (LogoType == LogoType.Colored)
-        {
-            var logo = ImageFromPath(LogoPath);
-            var platedImage = PlatedImage(logo);
-            return platedImage;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            return ImageFromPath(LogoPath);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private const int _dpiScale100 = 96;
-
-    private ImageSource PlatedImage(BitmapImage image)
-    {
-        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(BackgroundColor))
-        {
-            string currentBackgroundColor;
-            if (BackgroundColor == "transparent")
-            {
-                // Using InvariantCulture since this is internal
-                currentBackgroundColor = SystemParameters.WindowGlassBrush.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                currentBackgroundColor = BackgroundColor;
-            }
-
-            var padding = 8;
-            var width = image.Width + (2 * padding);
-            var height = image.Height + (2 * padding);
-            var x = 0;
-            var y = 0;
-
-            var group = new DrawingGroup();
-            var converted = ColorConverter.ConvertFromString(currentBackgroundColor);
-            if (converted is not null)
-            {
-                var color = (Color)converted;
-                var brush = new SolidColorBrush(color);
-                var pen = new Pen(brush, 1);
-                var backgroundArea = new Rect(0, 0, width, height);
-                var rectangleGeometry = new RectangleGeometry(backgroundArea, 8, 8);
-                var rectDrawing = new GeometryDrawing(brush, pen, rectangleGeometry);
-                group.Children.Add(rectDrawing);
-
-                var imageArea = new Rect(x + padding, y + padding, image.Width, image.Height);
-                var imageDrawing = new ImageDrawing(image, imageArea);
-                group.Children.Add(imageDrawing);
-
-                // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6676072/get-system-drawing-bitmap-of-a-wpf-area-using-visualbrush
-                var visual = new DrawingVisual();
-                var context = visual.RenderOpen();
-                context.DrawDrawing(group);
-                context.Close();
-
-                var bitmap = new RenderTargetBitmap(
-                    Convert.ToInt32(width),
-                    Convert.ToInt32(height),
-                    _dpiScale100,
-                    _dpiScale100,
-                    PixelFormats.Pbgra32);
-
-                bitmap.Render(visual);
-
-                return bitmap;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                ProgramLogger.Exception($"Unable to convert background string {BackgroundColor} to color for {Package.Location}", new InvalidOperationException(), GetType(), Package.Location);
-
-                return new BitmapImage(new Uri(Constant.ErrorIcon));
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            // todo use windows theme as background
-            return image;
-        }
-    }
-
-    private BitmapImage ImageFromPath(string path)
-    {
-        if (File.Exists(path))
-        {
-            var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
-            using (var fileStream = File.OpenRead(path))
-            {
-                fileStream.CopyTo(memoryStream);
-                memoryStream.Position = 0;
-
-                var image = new BitmapImage();
-                image.BeginInit();
-                image.StreamSource = memoryStream;
-                image.EndInit();
-                return image;
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            // ProgramLogger.Exception($"Unable to get logo for {UserModelId} from {path} and located in {Package.Location}", new FileNotFoundException(), GetType(), path);
-            return new BitmapImage(new Uri(ImageLoader.ErrorIconPath));
-        }
-    }
-    */
-
     public override string ToString()
     {
         return $"{DisplayName}: {Description}";