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CmdPal: Add hidden window as owner for tool windows (#42902)

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## Summary of the Pull Request

This PR changes the method used to hide tool windows from the taskbar
and Alt+Tab to a more reliable approach.
Previously, this was achieved by adding `WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW` to an unowned
top-level window, which proved unreliable in several scenarios.

The new implementation assigns a hidden window as the owner of each tool
window.
This ensures that the window does not appear on the taskbar even when
the Windows setting
**Settings → System → Multitasking → On the taskbar, show all opened
windows** is set to **On all desktops**.

## Change log one-liner

Fixes Command Palette windows occasionally appearing on the taskbar
under certain system settings.

<!-- Please review the items on the PR checklist before submitting-->
## PR Checklist

- [x] Closes: #42395
- [x] **Communication:** I've discussed this with core contributors
already. If the work hasn't been agreed, this work might be rejected
- [x] **Tests:** Added/updated and all pass
- [x] **Localization:** All end-user-facing strings can be localized
- [x] **Dev docs:** Added/updated
- [x] **New binaries:** none
- [x] **Documentation updated:** no need

<!-- Provide a more detailed description of the PR, other things fixed,
or any additional comments/features here -->
## Detailed Description of the Pull Request / Additional comments

<!-- Describe how you validated the behavior. Add automated tests
wherever possible, but list manual validation steps taken as well -->
## Validation Steps Performed

Tested alongside the stable CmdPal on a system with
This commit is contained in:
Jiří Polášek
2025-10-28 20:26:01 +01:00
committed by GitHub
parent 01fb831e4e
commit 103429b4d7
5 changed files with 104 additions and 21 deletions
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

2
src/modules/cmdpal/Microsoft.CmdPal.UI/Helpers/WindowExtensions.cs
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@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ internal static class WindowExtensions
appWindow.SetIcon(@"Assets\icon.ico");
}
private static HWND GetWindowHwnd(this Window window)
public static HWND GetWindowHwnd(this Window window)
{
return window is null
? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(window))

89
src/modules/cmdpal/Microsoft.CmdPal.UI/HiddenOwnerWindowBehavior.cs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
// The Microsoft Corporation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
using Microsoft.CmdPal.UI.Helpers;
using Microsoft.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.Win32;
using Windows.Win32.Foundation;
using Windows.Win32.Graphics.Dwm;
using Windows.Win32.UI.WindowsAndMessaging;
namespace Microsoft.CmdPal.UI;
/// <summary>
/// Provides behavior to control taskbar and Alt+Tab presence by assigning a hidden owner
/// and toggling extended window styles for a target window.
/// </summary>
internal sealed class HiddenOwnerWindowBehavior
{
private HWND _hiddenOwnerHwnd;
private Window? _hiddenWindow;
/// <summary>
/// Shows or hides a window in the taskbar (and Alt+Tab) by updating ownership and extended window styles.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="target">The <see cref="Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Window"/> to update.</param>
/// <param name="isVisibleInTaskbar"> True to show the window in the taskbar (and Alt+Tab); false to hide it from both. </param>
/// <remarks>
/// When hiding the window, a hidden owner is assigned and <see cref="WINDOW_EX_STYLE.WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW"/>
/// is enabled to keep it out of the taskbar and Alt+Tab. When showing, the owner is cleared and
/// <see cref="WINDOW_EX_STYLE.WS_EX_APPWINDOW"/> is enabled to ensure taskbar presence. Since tool
/// windows use smaller corner radii, the normal rounded corners are enforced via
/// <see cref="DWM_WINDOW_CORNER_PREFERENCE.DWMWCP_ROUND"/>.
/// </remarks>
/// <seealso href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/shell/taskbar#managing-taskbar-buttons" />
public void ShowInTaskbar(Window target, bool isVisibleInTaskbar)
{
/*
* There are the three main ways to control whether a window appears on the taskbar:
* https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/shell/taskbar#managing-taskbar-buttons
*
* 1. Set the window's owner. Owned windows do not appear on the taskbar:
* Turns out this is the most reliable way to hide a window from the taskbar and ALT+TAB. WinForms and WPF uses this method
* to back their ShowInTaskbar property as well.
*
* 2. Use the WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW extended window style:
* This mostly works, with some reports that it silently fails in some cases. The biggest issue
* is that for certain Windows settings (like Multitasking -> Show taskbar buttons on all displays = On all desktops),
* the taskbar button is always shown even for tool windows.
*
* 3. Using ITaskbarList:
* This is what AppWindow.IsShownInSwitchers uses, but it's COM-based and more complex, and can
* fail if Explorer isn't running or responding. It could be a good backup, if needed.
*/
var visibleHwnd = target.GetWindowHwnd();
if (isVisibleInTaskbar)
{
// remove any owner window
PInvoke.SetWindowLongPtr(visibleHwnd, WINDOW_LONG_PTR_INDEX.GWLP_HWNDPARENT, HWND.Null);
}
else
{
// Set the hidden window as the owner of the target window
var hiddenHwnd = EnsureHiddenOwner();
PInvoke.SetWindowLongPtr(visibleHwnd, WINDOW_LONG_PTR_INDEX.GWLP_HWNDPARENT, hiddenHwnd);
}
// Tool windows don't show up in ALT+TAB, and don't show up in the taskbar
// Tool window and app window styles are mutually exclusive, change both just to be safe
target.ToggleExtendedWindowStyle(WINDOW_EX_STYLE.WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW, !isVisibleInTaskbar);
target.ToggleExtendedWindowStyle(WINDOW_EX_STYLE.WS_EX_APPWINDOW, isVisibleInTaskbar);
// Since tool windows have smaller corner radii, we need to force the normal ones
target.SetCornerPreference(DWM_WINDOW_CORNER_PREFERENCE.DWMWCP_ROUND);
}
private HWND EnsureHiddenOwner()
{
if (_hiddenOwnerHwnd.IsNull)
{
_hiddenWindow = new Window();
_hiddenOwnerHwnd = _hiddenWindow.GetWindowHwnd();
}
return _hiddenOwnerHwnd;
}
}

16
src/modules/cmdpal/Microsoft.CmdPal.UI/MainWindow.xaml.cs
View File

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ public sealed partial class MainWindow : WindowEx,
private readonly List<TopLevelHotkey> _hotkeys = [];
private readonly KeyboardListener _keyboardListener;
private readonly LocalKeyboardListener _localKeyboardListener;
private readonly HiddenOwnerWindowBehavior _hiddenOwnerBehavior = new();
private bool _ignoreHotKeyWhenFullScreen = true;
private DesktopAcrylicController? _acrylicController;
@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ public sealed partial class MainWindow : WindowEx,
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
HideWindow();
_hwnd = new HWND(WinRT.Interop.WindowNative.GetWindowHandle(this).ToInt32());
@@ -73,6 +75,8 @@ public sealed partial class MainWindow : WindowEx,
CommandPaletteHost.SetHostHwnd((ulong)_hwnd.Value);
}
_hiddenOwnerBehavior.ShowInTaskbar(this, Debugger.IsAttached);
_keyboardListener = new KeyboardListener();
_keyboardListener.Start();
@@ -126,16 +130,6 @@ public sealed partial class MainWindow : WindowEx,
// Force window to be created, and then cloaked. This will offset initial animation when the window is shown.
HideWindow();
ApplyWindowStyle();
}
private void ApplyWindowStyle()
{
// Tool windows don't show up in ALT+TAB, and don't show up in the taskbar
// Since tool windows have smaller corner radii, we need to force the normal ones
this.ToggleExtendedWindowStyle(WINDOW_EX_STYLE.WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW, !Debugger.IsAttached);
this.SetCornerPreference(DWM_WINDOW_CORNER_PREFERENCE.DWMWCP_ROUND);
}
private static void LocalKeyboardListener_OnKeyPressed(object? sender, LocalKeyboardListenerKeyPressedEventArgs e)
@@ -264,7 +258,7 @@ public sealed partial class MainWindow : WindowEx,
// because that would make it hard to debug the app
if (Debugger.IsAttached)
{
ApplyWindowStyle();
_hiddenOwnerBehavior.ShowInTaskbar(this, true);
}
// Just to be sure, SHOW our hwnd.

7
src/modules/cmdpal/Microsoft.CmdPal.UI/NativeMethods.txt
View File

@@ -58,4 +58,9 @@ GetModuleHandle
GetWindowLong
SetWindowLong
WINDOW_EX_STYLE
WINDOW_EX_STYLE
CreateWindowEx
WNDCLASSEXW
RegisterClassEx
GetStockObject
GetModuleHandle

11
src/modules/cmdpal/Microsoft.CmdPal.UI/ToastWindow.xaml.cs
View File

@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ public sealed partial class ToastWindow : WindowEx,
IRecipient<QuitMessage>
{
private readonly HWND _hwnd;
private readonly DispatcherQueueTimer _debounceTimer = DispatcherQueue.GetForCurrentThread().CreateTimer();
private readonly HiddenOwnerWindowBehavior _hiddenOwnerWindowBehavior = new();
public ToastViewModel ViewModel { get; } = new();
private readonly DispatcherQueueTimer _debounceTimer = DispatcherQueue.GetForCurrentThread().CreateTimer();
public ToastWindow()
{
this.InitializeComponent();
@@ -39,12 +39,7 @@ public sealed partial class ToastWindow : WindowEx,
this.SetIcon();
AppWindow.Title = RS_.GetString("ToastWindowTitle");
AppWindow.TitleBar.PreferredHeightOption = TitleBarHeightOption.Collapsed;
// Tool windows don't show up in ALT+TAB, and don't show up in the taskbar
// Since tool windows have smaller corner radii, we need to force the normal ones
// to visually match system toasts.
this.ToggleExtendedWindowStyle(WINDOW_EX_STYLE.WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW, true);
this.SetCornerPreference(DWM_WINDOW_CORNER_PREFERENCE.DWMWCP_ROUND);
_hiddenOwnerWindowBehavior.ShowInTaskbar(this, false);
_hwnd = new HWND(WinRT.Interop.WindowNative.GetWindowHandle(this).ToInt32());
PInvoke.EnableWindow(_hwnd, false);